Threat Tech — Neuroweapons

JUNE is national Mental Health Month

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…“according to a September 2015 article in Foreign Policy, ‘The same brain-scanning machines meant to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease or autism could potentially read someone’s private thoughts. Computer systems attached to brain tissue that allow paralyzed patients to control robotic appendages with thought alone could also be used by a state to direct bionic soldiers or pilot aircraft. And devices designed to aid a deteriorating mind could alternatively be used to implant new memories or to extinguish existing ones, in allies and enemies alike.’ …”

http://www.thebulletin.org/neuroweapons-threat9494

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Two years earlier, in September of 2013, “the Guardian newspaper in London published an article which explains that brain drugs will likely be replaced by brain circuit manipulation; this is a huge change from drug research to brain circuit research which is now heavily funded and taking off.

   ” ‘New technologies such as optogenetics suggest that even finer control of brain circuits may be possible,’ [writes] Vaughan Bell, who is a clinical psychologist and visiting researcher… ‘While deep stimulation involves stimulating the brain with electrical currents, optogenetics involves injecting neurons with a benign virus that contains the genetic information for light-sensitive proteins. The brain cells then become light sensitive themselves and their activity can be controlled with millisecond flashes of light sent through embedded fiber optic cables. Until now, this has only been demonstrated in animals but there are high hopes that it could lead to precisely controlled treatment in humans…’ “

Neuroweapons, Neuroscience and “Brain Circuit Manipulation”: Inside Story of Obama’s Mind Control Project

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Optogenetics is essentially the study of light-sensitive proteins called opsins. Dr. Karl Deisseroth of Stanford, developer of the science of optogenetics and a practicing psychiatrist, found his experimental opsins in green algae: “In the summer of 2004, Deisseroth opened his own lab at Stanford and hired a brilliant PhD student named Feng Zhang.. to do the delicate work of introducing the pond-scum opsin into a brain cell. The opsin would have to be smuggled into the cell using a virus, but at a concentration that would not kill the neuron…  Zhang chose a benign lentivirus…[and] After a year of experiments, the team had created the world’s first reliable technology for generating light-sensitive neurons that signaled at the speed of the brain… Finally, they devised a means for attaching small bits of DNA to the opsins, which acted like a password, insuring that they would be produced only in the correct cells. Then they had to figure out a way to deliver flashes of light to regions deep inside the brain, and settled for a fiber-optic wire attached to a laser diode. In late 2005, they began..tests to see if they could control behavior in mice”…

A Clear View of the Brain

 *                                                                             the “joystick” mouse

• Word Origin

noun, plural lentiviruses.

1.  any slow virus of the genus Lentivirus, of the retrovirus family, causing brain disease in sheep and other animals. http://www.dictionary.com/browse/lentivirus

(some explanation will be required here)

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In his New Yorker magazine interview linked above, however, Dr. “Deisseroth warns that [human psycho-] therapies face considerable hurdles owing to the unknown effects of injecting viruses into the brains of living patients. But..some clinicians are already looking at possible treatments in the peripheral nervous system –the nerves that go to the arms and legs.” 

*                                                                                                                    Karl Deisseroth

Dr. D. went on to invent another breakthrough brain-tool technology because “X-rays and other techniques that use light to penetrate the tissues don’t work because of the brain’s high volume of fats and water, which cause light to disperse… [To his wife] Deisseroth said something about how great it would be if one could render a brain completely transparent… In his office, Deisseroth wondered if he could displace the fats and the water with a scaffold that would support the [nerve tissue] wiring but allow light to penetrate –perhaps a hydrogel, a water-based polymer used to support cells in human tissue repair. He opened a ..notebook and began to fill pages with.. ideas for what he called an ‘endoskeleton’ that would ‘digest away’ the fats and the water… The idea became CLARITY, an acronym for ‘Clear Lipid-exchanged Anatomically Rigid Imaging/immunostaining-compatible Tissue hYdrogel’. CLARITY is Deisseroth’s second great contribution to neuroscience –a method for rendering cadaver brains completely transparent save for the perfectly intact cells and nerve fibers… It has since become a standard tool.. around the world.

   “…The technology has been adopted..[and] endorsed by the BRAIN Initiative, to make a complete map of a mouse’s brain and, perhaps eventually, the human brain –an undertaking on the scale of the Human Genome Project in which researchers will plot and categorize the nearly hundred billion neurons and the hundred trillion connections among them.”

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2016 Plans for Human Trials:

…“The new technology relies on opsins, a type of ion channel consisting of proteins that conduct neurons’ electrical signaling. Neurons contain hundreds of different types of ion channels but opsins open in response to light. Some opsins are found in the human retina but those used in optogenetics are derived from algae and other organisms. The first opsins used in optogenetics, called channel rhodopsins, open to allow positively charged ions to enter the cell when activated by a flash of blue light, which causes the neuron to fire an electrical impulse. Other opsin proteins pass inhibitory, negatively charged ions in response to light, making it possible to silence neurons as well. Researchers have widely expanded the arsenal of available opsins with genetic engineering, for example making ones that stay open in response to a short burst of light.

   The main challenge before optogenetic therapies become a reality is getting opsin genes into the adult human neurons to be targeted in a treatment. In rodents researchers have employed two main strategies: transgenics, in which mice are bred to make opsins in specific neurons—an option unsuitable for use in humans. The other method uses a virus to implant a gene into a neuron. Viruses are currently being used for other types of gene therapy in humans, but challenges remain. Viruses must penetrate mature neurons and deliver their gene cargo without spurring an immune reaction. Then the neuron has to express the opsin in the right place, and it has to go on making the protein continuously—ideally forever.”

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/revolutionary-neuroscience-technique-slated-for-human-clinical-trials/

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June, 2016 –Predictably, “The invention of optogenetics greatly accelerated the pace of progress in brain science. But experimenters were limited by the difficulty of delivering light deep into brain tissue. Now ultrathin, flexible microchips, each one hardly bigger than a neuron, are being tested as injectable devices to put nerves under wireless control. They can be inserted deep into a brain…”

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/optogenetics-lights-up-therapeutic-neuroscience/

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A lifetime transgene viral vector:

2008 –“AAV [adeno-associated virus] was initially considered as a vector by only a few laboratories…[but] with time, it has become among the most commonly used viral vectors… [because] almost all other viral vectors lead to an initial burst of transgene expression that commonly disappears after a relatively short time, measured in weeks. AAV transgene expression, on the other hand, frequently persists for years or the life time of the animal...”

www.ncbi.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2570152/

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“Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are small viruses that affect humans and other..primate species. They belong to the parvovirus family and require a helper virus, such as adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, or vaccinia virus, to replicate… If no helper virus is present, they are able to incorporate themselves into the host cell’s genome and latently replicate as the host cell replicates.”

http://www.microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Adeno-Associated_Viruses_as_Gene_Therapy_Vectors

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Using Light to deliverTouch:

March 2012– “We have recently generated.. transgenic lines of rat in which …some neurons were endowed with photosensitivity by the introduction of the ChR2 gene, coding an algal photoreceptor molecule… We identified that ChR2 is expressed in a certain population of large neurons in the DRG [dorsal root ganglion]..[and] were classified as mechanoreceptive… Each..rat showed a sensory-evoked behavior in response to blue LED flashes on the plantar skin. It is thus suggested that each rat acquired an unusual sensory modality of sensing blue light through the skin as touch-pressure.”

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“Is it possible that one could hear light, smell light, taste light and touch light? When ChR2 [algal opsin] is targeted to different peripheral sensory neurons by viral vectors… the animals can sense the light as various sensations such as hearing, touch, pain, [etc.].”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26903290/

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                                        New Inner Light — Quantum Dots

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From the Department of Energy: “Quantum Dots are nanoparticles of semiconductor that can be tuned to glow in a rainbow of colors. Since their discovery in the 1980s, these remarkable nanoparticles have held out tantalizing prospects for all kinds of new technologies… Excite a quantum dot and it glows brightly… The smaller the dot, the bluer the light. The larger the dot, the redder. Quantum dots can likewise be tuned to absorb specific wavelengths of light, a useful property for solar cells. In comparison… a light-emitting diode (LED) made of one material may glow green while another glows red. To get different colors, you must use different materials….

“…when the dots are stimulated into emitting light, that light can be detected outside the body and turned into a detailed image of the tissue. Because quantum dots emit light at a particular frequency, dots of several different sizes could be used simultaneously to image different parts of the body. However, a major obstacle has been finding a way to encapsulate the quantum dots, to protect the dots (and the body) from damage, and to allow them to automatically attach themselves to the proper parts of the body. Only very recently have scientists found ways to do this. Today there are numerous researchers looking for ways to put quantum dots inside casings made of chemicals that protect the dots while inside the body. Then bits of DNA are attached to the casings to allow the dots to become attached to particular kinds of cells.” http://www.ethw.org/Quantum_Dots

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Need Wiring?  Viral assembly of nanowires from Quantum Dots:

…“In this article, it was found that quantum dots (QDs) can induce simian virus 40 (SV40) capsid assembly in dissociation buffer where viral capsids should be disassembled [bold emphasis added–JL]… [E]xperimental results showed that the SV40..protein can be assembled..in the dissociation buffer when QDs are present and that the QDs are encapsulated in the SV40 capsids. Moreover, there is a strong affinity between QDs and the SV40..proteins… This study provides a new understanding of the assembly mechanism of SV40 virus-based nanoparticles with QDs which may help in the design and construction of other similar virus-based nanoparticles.”

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23776332

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“Bacteriophage viruses that have been genetically engineered have been used in..the production of quantum dots. Viruses have shown an ability to detect types of semiconductor surfaces and viral crystalline structures can be adjusted by controlling the..solution, as well as the external magnetic field.”

http://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/Quantum-Dot-Production.aspx

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*                                                                                                         tumor-locating on a rat loaded with QDs in MRI

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Monkey virus, SV40, is known to readers of the blog as not just the “contaminant” distributed in Salk and Sabin polio vaccines of the 1950s and ’60s. I contend, rather, that the polio-related SV40 was an intentional genetic tag included in vaccines for multi-generational population tracking, according to the mandate of the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission to study radiation effects over a span of one-hundred years. Polio is readily caused by radiation as the document record proves. By the early 1960s when SV40 was identified in the press as a vaccine contaminant, its transgenic properties were already known by many scientists. Albert Sabin oversaw recombinant SV40 studies done at Israel’s Weizmann Institute when he became its director in 1970-72. In keeping with the neuroweaponry theme, the poliovirus itself has been called “the perfect human OFF switch.” Read more about it here: http://www.polioforever.wordpress.com

    SV40 literature beginning in the 1960s indicates a scientific opinion regarding its relative harmlessness in humans.

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Encephalitis-inducing viruses are top candidates in this new type of psychiatric transgene therapy which brings back our  frenemy GMO polio [pardon my ‘O’], currently in use as as brain cancer treatment. This investigator has no citations on hand showing a specific optogenetic application for poliovirus, but natural logic and history suggests it will be tried if not already –any discovered finds of poliovirus for this purpose will be added to the post. The scenario of  therapeutic transgene poliovirus adopted as the global vaccine antigen raises some formidable concern about present transhumanism. Perhaps emerging vectors like West Nile Virus and Zika, for which there are no current vaccines but everybody will get them when there are, would preferentially suit the public mental health agenda.

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2004– “Poliovirus-based vectors (replicons) can be used for gene delivery to motor neurons of the CNS…” www.online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/104303401753153893

2008– “..oncolytic nonpathogenic poliovirus recombinant… for therapeutic application against glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Poliovirus exhibits natural target tropism for GBM” www.nature.com/mt/journal/v16/n11/full/mt2008184a.html

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Another viral-nanoparticle machine is the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV):  “…we show a novel electronic memory effect by incorporating platinum nanoparticles into tobacco mosaic virus… The mechanism of this process is attributable to charge trapping in the nanoparticles for data storage…”

                                                                     …“image of TMV nanowire conjugated with Pt nanoparticles..uniformly attached at the surface of the virus wire… This TMV-Pt composite system exhibits unique conductance-switching behavior and can therefore be used in the first electronic biomemory device.”   http://www.nature.com/nnano/journal/v1/n1/full/nnano.2006.55.html

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Plant virus makeover for mammals : “Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) is an RNA virus that typically infects plants but has recently been adapted for vaccine development owing to the suitability of the virions for modifications as nanoparticles… [W]e describe how TMV self-assembly properties are being used to make a new mammalian RNA pseudovirus that has unique characteristics for RNA and protein antigen delivery.” http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18251692

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                                                    Barely fiction: Supersoldiers and viral vectors

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Thinking It Through

*                                                     New Thinking Cap: “Researchers believe that new ‘thinking caps’ could help provide super-human strength, highly enhanced concentration, or thought-controlled weaponry… Some techniques such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) are already used…”  www.telegraph.com.co.uk/news/science/science-news/9114975/New-thinking-cap-technologies-that-control-weaponry-a-step-closer.html

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MRI

                                      Imaging Tech:  Brain-mapping to Mind-reading:

…“Over the last few years, researchers have made significant strides in decoding our thoughts based on brain activity.

How this would work is still at the very early stages of development. But, given what we can already do, it’s not a huge leap to imagine that one day we could read the words of people’s internal streams of thought, said Jack Gallant, a prominent neuroscientist at the University of California, Berkeley.”

http://www.cnn.com/2014/04/12/health/brain-mind-reading/index.html

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Memory Formation

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*                     * Total Recall *

2009 –…“Wolfson Institute..at University College London [has] developed a way to activate a small subset of the neural circuit that underlies a specific memory… The researchers took advantage of a gene called c-fos, which is expressed by recently activated neurons, and used the portion that controls gene expression to turn on the light-sensitive protein channelrhodopsin…” http://www.bioedonline.org/news/nature-news/total-recall-achieved/

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2016 –At MIT “Tonegawa’s lab has identified cells in the brain’s hippocampus that store specific memories. The researchers have also shown that they can manipulate these memory traces, or engrams, to plant false memories, activate existing memories, or alter a memory’s emotional associations.“ https://clinicalnews.org/2016/03/16/lost-memories-can-be-found/

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*Beyond the Blue

*Memory Holes   * *

 Multi-Sensory Environment (MSE) Room therapy, in general use for preschools and nursing homes, is where participants can ‘safely’ interact with electronics and music — is this a “treatment” in advance of a “therapy”?

http://www.snoezelen.info/elements-of-a-snoezelen-sensory-room

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Future postings: a decade of advances in optogenetics; more than two decades in mind-mapping; the 2013 BRAIN Initiative and similar programs that  ought to help clarify how the “last mile in the Telecosm” is you.

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Morgification

Morgification is something I’ve been thinking about for months. In part, as the involuntary and evil twin of Borgification, and in breadth as a process that derives “morg” from its original word-root as a condition of death. It only so happens that All Hallows Eve is on our doorstep and this haphazard piece turns out to be timely. The inspiration didn’t come from philosophy or religion, but from polymer science; specifically, the activities of the (defunct) Polaroid Corporation and the men who were dipping their probes into the mysteries of organic stereochemistry to make “interesting” plastics. And then there’s the overall driver which is a psychic hologram of scientific tyranny. Pardon my negativity but there’s a problem Houston! We’re losing the Race for Space –and I mean losing control of those engineered aliens ( the “race” for space).   So, I guess what I want to say is: get jiggy with it science guys or get morgued for a comeback as zombie pumpkins.

“Morg”, of course, is taken from Morgellon’s, a name on overdrive, standing in for the range of disorders manifesting as recurrent lesions, extruding fibers, films, crystals, technological objects and insects oozing and tearing out of people’s skin. Prognosis unknown. Morgellon’s suggests these are medical problems. Morgification, I’m suggesting, is conquest.

   No one can yet tell me if it’s killing people because so far what I’ve heard is that ‘morgs’ are killing themselves. I have too little to offer in the face of this tragedy, but recent exposure to advanced cases of morgification support a conviction that the issue needs to be, and must be, defined. It was Edwin (“call me Din”) Land, the founder and genius of Polaroid, who was fond of telling people that a problem defined opened the way to its solution.

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The following description and accompanying photos (in the link) fits some of the morg specimens I’ve seen: “In this work, we discovered that.. PVP could self-assemble to form a macroscopic matrix made of a branched hollow polymer nanofibers… The self-assembled fibrous PVP structure formed in the aqueous solution was a jellyfish-like three-dimensional aggregate with a centimeter scale… Based on the..analysis of the early stage during the formation of the jellyfish-like PVP aggregate, the aggregate formation process can be divided into two steps: formation and fusion of PVP microspheres into pearl-necklace-like chains and growth of hollow fibers from the chains… The branched fibers produced in this work may serve as new templates for the synthesis of fibers or tubes of other materials… We discovered that polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) could self-assemble into branched hollow fibers in an aqueous solution after aging the PVP solution for about two weeks. Based on this finding, we demonstrated two approaches by which the self-assembly of PVP into branched hollow fibers could be exploited to template the formation of branched hollow inorganic fibers.” [i.e. silica and gold nanoparticles] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2844465/

 PVP powder, sold widely as a food additive, binding and thickening agent for foods, adhesives, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, medical devices and blood plasma substitute. Mixed with iodine it’s called povidone, able to make light-polarizing film — it could have been among the many thousands of polymer compounds prepared by Polaroid.

Edwin Land, c1947 

For much of its early existence, Polaroid functioned as a think tank more than a product-wielding corporation. In 1937, Polaroid was officially reorganized  “Under the enthusiastic sponsorship of Jimmy  [James A.] Warburg, [as] a group came together that included W. Averell Harriman, Lewis Strauss and Strauss’s partners at Kuhn Loeb, and several members of Schroder-Rockefeller… and clearly demonstrated what they were investing in by granting Land control of a voting trust of the stock… The board directors [were] Warburg, Harriman, Strauss…” [p55, Land’s Polaroid]   Din Land had shown them miracles, including a 3-D movie, which they restaged multiple times for scientists, capitalists, and the press. For the 1939 “World of Tomorrow” Fair in New York, Chrysler presented a 3-D Polaroid film of a car self-assembling as the animated parts danced before the audience. Still, Polaroid had little to sell and fewer customers, but 1940, World War II, new premises near M.I.T. and a flow of contracts from the US Navy changed everything. Near the end of the war, Polaroid took on a team of crack chemists and set out to make the products that Edwin Land had dreamed of.

One of the chemists who signed on to Polaroid in 1943 was Elkan Rogers Blout, newly promoted out of Columbia University with a chemical PhD and accommodated as a research fellow at Harvard Medical School. Blout managed to keep his parallel life going between Polaroid and Harvard –Polaroid gave him wealth and Harvard gave him prestige– until 1962 and the fruition of Polaroid’s great commercial one-trick-pony: the instant color camera. Blout “led the team of chemists that synthesized more than 5,000 compounds in search of the key ingredients of the Polaroid color process.” http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/2006-releases/press12202006.html By leaving the lab at Polaroid, Blout was to have time to make his mark in medicine. Since 1950, he’d had private lab space at the Children’s Hospital in Boston, sponsored by the Children’s Cancer Research Foundation under Sidney Farber: “Elkan established a spectroscopy laboratory at Children’s..to study biophysics of peptides and proteins… Indicative of his stature in the field of biopolymers, Elkan was a founding editor of the journal Biopolymers…” http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2007/09/elkan-r-blout/  At the top of his Harvard career, Elkan Blout was the Dean of academics at the Harvard School of Public Health, treasurer of the National Academy of Sciences responsible for a five-fold increase in monetary holdings and lastly, in retirement after having won the highest national awards, senior science advisor to the FDA.  But, from his first days at Polaroid during WWII, Blout (who was 24 at the time) had joined in the ‘classified’ culture of military secrets. It may have taught him much about networking and discretion, as doubtlessly as hobnobbing with financiers did with money. Perhaps it suited him as it suited Edwin Land.

When the Korean War kicked into gear and nuclear tests moved to Nevada, Edwin Land joined another small group to study and recommend military development; they called themselves the Beacon Hill group and issued a highly classified report on ideas for aerial reconnaissance and atmospheric monitoring. Land’s fellow in these studies, James R. Killian (pres. of M.I.T), was later to pick him as chair for the special intelligence committee. In 1954, Land and Killian, together, went to Eisenhower with the plan for the U-2 spy plane. It was at Land’s urging and arrangement that Kelly Johnson of Lockheed was brought into the project, and potentially many other contributors as well. “He knew much of the country’s scientific establishment personally. He was a visiting lecturer at M.I.T. and would later persuade Killian to join Polaroid’s board… Land quickly assumed a leading role…  From the first flight on July 4, 1956, to the day Gary Powers was shot down on May 1, 1960, the U-2 changed the course of history… suddenly a hidden world was totally revealed. It quickly became apparent that the bomber gap and the missile gap [promoted as falling behind the Soviets] were misapprehensions… the Western powers had overestimated Soviet strength… Subsequent flights totally revised American and NATO thinking about Russian capabilities.” [pp111-112, Land’s Polaroid]

The essential telling of U-2 surveillance and the involvement of Land is in the timing of its early flights a full year before the United States blew off the longest and dirtiest series of nuclear bombs over the heads of its citizens.  The Nevada tests known as Operation Plumbob in the summer and fall of 1957 initiated the period of peak atmospheric fallout that, according to epidemiological data, has never really abated due to the growth of nuclear industries, accidents, re-pollution and bioaccumulation. For some time now, even the public knows that the ‘testing’ excess was militarily unnecessary by any standard.  In the field of synthetic and biopolymers, however, fallout is magic.

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Got a minute?

All polymers are made of linked units called monomers.

“A biopolymer is a polymer found in nature.  Starch, proteins and peptides, and DNA and RNA are all examples of biopolymers, in which the monomer units, respectively, are sugars [polysaccharides], amino acids [polypeptides], and nuceic acids [polynucleotides]. The exact chemical composition and the sequence in which these units are arranged is called the polymer’s primary structure. Many biopolymers spontaneously “fold” into characteristic shapes, which determine their biological functions and depend in a complicated way on their primary structures. Structural biology is the study of the shapes of biopolymers.” http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Biopolymer

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“Stereochemistry, a subdiscipline of chemistry, involves the study of the relative spatial arrangement of atoms that form the structure of molecules and their manipulation…also known as 3D chemistry because the prefix “stereo-” means “three-dimensionality”. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereochemistry

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“The term ‘plastics’ includes materials composed of various elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, and sulfur. Plastics typically have high molecular weight, meaning each molecule can have thousands of atoms bound together… Most plastics are based on the carbon atom. Silicones, which are based on the silicon atom, are an exception. The carbon atom can link to other atoms with up to four chemical bonds .. When we combine monomers, we generate polymers or plastics… The raw material formation may begin by separating the hydrocarbon chemicals from natural gas, petroleum, or coal into pure streams of chemicals. Some are then processed in a “cracking process.” Here, in the presence of a catalyst, raw materials molecules are converted into monomers such as ethylene (ethene) C2H4, propylene (propene) C3H6, and butene C4H8 and others….  Each monomer yields a plastic resin with specific properties and characteristics. Combinations of monomers produce copolymers with further property variations. So, within each polymer type, such as nylons, polyesters, polyethylenes, etc, manufacturers can custom make plastics that have specific features.” http://plastics.americanchemistry.com/How-Plastics-Are-Made

“A single polymer molecule may consist of hundreds to a million monomers and may have a linear, branched, or network structure. Covalent [shared electron] bonds hold the atoms in the polymer molecules together and secondary bonds then hold groups of polymer chains together to form the polymeric material. Copolymers are polymers composed of two or more different types of monomers.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyvinylpyrrolidone

“Most plastics are dielectrics or insulators…and resist the flow of a current… [but] Not all polymers behave the same when subjected to voltage and plastics can be classified as ‘polar’ or ‘nonpolar’…The polar plastics do not have a fully covalent bond and there is a slight imbalance in the electronic charge of the molecule… This ‘dipole’ will move in the presence of an electric field and attempt to line up with the electric field.” http://www.zeusinc.com/User/Files/Zeusinc/Documents/Zeus_Dielectric.pdf

“Molecular self-assembly is mediated by weak, noncovalent bonds –notably hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds (electrostatic interactions), hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals interactions and water-mediated hydrogen bonds. Although these bonds are relatively insignificant in isolation, when combined together as a whole, they govern the structural conformation of..macromolecules…” http://www.che.utexas.edu/research/biomat/PDFReprints/Fabrication%20of%20novel%20biomaterials%20through%20molecular%20SA.pdf

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Polymer fabrication techniques often use free radicals: “Free radical polymerization is a method..by which a polymer forms by the successive addition of free radical building blocks. Free radicals can be formed via a number of different mechanisms… The relatively nonspecific nature of free radical chemical interactions makes this one of the most versatile forms of polymerization available.. In 2001, 40 billion of the 110 billion pounds of polymers produced in the United States were produced by free radical polymerization.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_radical_polymerization

High-energy ionizing radiation produces free radicals for chemically cross-linking polymers: “..[a] polymer may be crosslinked using..electron beam (or e-beam), gamma, or x-ray. Gamma irradiation is usually most economical at lower doses..and for large, high-density parts…Irradiation creates free radicals which will often chemically react in various ways… The free radicals can recombine forming the crosslinks. The degree of crosslinking depends upon the polymer and radiation dose… Another influence..is oxidation during irradiation. Furthermore, oxidation can continue after irradiation causing changes in properties with time… A competing process, called scissioning occurs when polymers are irradiated. In this case, the polymer chains are broken…” http://sterigenics.com/crosslinking/crosslinking.htm

Plasma polymerization: …”as early as the 1870s ‘polymers’ formed by this process were known, but these polymers were initially thought of as undesirable…It was not until the 1960s that the properties of these polymers where found to be useful… Glow discharge is a technique in polymerization which forms free electrons which gain energy from an electric field, and then lose energy through collisions with neutral molecules in the gas phase. This leads to many chemically reactive species, which then lead to a plasma polymerization reaction… These plasmas are formed by a direct current, alternating current or radio frequency generator.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_polymerization

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“This review describes recent developments in the emerging field of biomimetic polymeric biomaterials, which signal to cells via biologically active entities.  …The next topics are then the basic design rules for the creation of biomimetic materials. Here, the major emphasis is on polymers that are assembled in separate building blocks, meaning that the biologically active entity is attached to the polymer in a separate chemical reaction.” http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15296963

“Here we report a top-down biomimetic approach…by coating biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles with natural erythrocyte [red blood cell] membranes..for long-circulating [drug or gene] cargo delivery…”  http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/06/17/1106634108.abstract

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“Cellulose has received much attention as an emerging smart material, named as electro-active paper (EAPap)…”  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21446438

“Conductive polymers are expected to play an important role in the emerging science of molecular computers…” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_electronics

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Indeed… polymers are smart materials. If you knew nothing about plastics before reading this, I hope this random selection of quotes does a ‘Polaroid’–  gives you the picture in a minute.

   I have one last addition about the “pyrroles” :

“Polypyrroles are conducting polymers of the rigid-rod..family, all basically derivatives of polyacetylene. Polypyrrole was the first polyacetylene derivative to show high conductivity. In a series of papers in 1963, D.E.Weiss and coworkers reported high conductivity in iodine-doped oxidized polypyrrole… In 2006, scientists from Brown University published work on a fast-charging and discharging battery chemistry based on polypyrroles. There are current studies into the medical applications… Polypyrrole..has been actively studied as a material for ‘artificial muscles’… Polypyrrole is used in the microwave fabrication of multiwalled carbon nanotubes, a new method that allows to obtain CNTs in a matter of seconds.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polypyrrole

….now there’s a real Polaroid moment.

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In 1940, equal to Polaroid’s up-and-coming status as a think tank floating on Navy contracts, Edwin Land adopted Robert Burns Woodward as a special science advisor and chief “problem solver” to the company. Woodward was a Boston area native, PhD graduate of MIT, and soon to become the resident wizard of organic chemistry at Harvard. He was “considered by many to be the preeminent organic chemist of the twentieth century… During the..1940s, Woodward synthesized many complex..products including quinine, cholesterol, cortisone, strychnine, lysergic acid, reserpine, chlorophyll, cephalosporin and colchicine. With these, Woodward opened up a new era of synthesis..in which he showed that natural products could be synthesized by careful applications of the principles of physical organic chemistry, and by meticulous plannng…  it was thought by some..that it would be impossible to create these substances in the lab… Woodward was a pioneer in showing how, with exhaustive and rational planning, one could conduct reactions that were stereoselective. Many..syntheses involved forcing a molecule into a certain configuration by installing rigid structural elements in it, [a] tactic that has become standard today.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R._B._Woodward

   “In 1944, Land brought together two brilliant young chemists who had worked for Polaroid… Woodward..now twenty-seven..[and]..William E. Doering..[who] was twenty-six. Land provided them with a Polaroid laboratory and assistants, his own insistent energy and ideas, and a challenge to solve the classical problem… Synthetic quinine…” [p76, Land’s Polaroid] It was through Woodward, who had also been serving the War Production Board, that Elkan Blout came to Polaroid too. Woodward was to stay in the family –in 1946 he divorced his first wife and married Eudoxia ‘Doxie’ Muller, one of Polaroid’s first hires, described as a “humorous, cynical, blonde sprite” who was recruited to learn science on-the-job. “Doxie had been assigned by Land to begin the first chemical experiments on his instant photography project, given the code name SX-70, under Land’s daily guidance.” [p9, ibid.]

   Woodward’s “new era” in chemistry was to bear his name. “In the early 1950s, Woodward, along with the British chemist Geoffrey Wilkinson then at Harvard, postulated a novel structure for ferrocene, a compound consisting of a combination of an organic molecule with iron. This marked the beginning of the field of transition metal organometallic chemistry…  In the early 1960s, Woodward began work on what was the most complex natural product synthesized to date– vitamin B12… The synthesis included almost a hundred steps…  This [work] convinced organic chemists that the synthesis of any complex substance was possible given enough time and planning.” [wiki, above]

   Blout wrote of his friend, “Theoretically, interesting molecules always intrigued Woodward… He concluded that electronic effects had to be at work…” http://www.nap.edu/html/biomems/rwoodward

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Interesting…

“Recently the mixtures of collagen with synthetic polymers..are becoming more and more interesting for scientists and technologists… Since collagen alone does not show interesting enough mechanical properties, the idea to develop collagen based composite materials by adding a selected synthetic polymer is interesting. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is an interesting water-soluble synthetic… used for..plasmas (substitute of blood plasma), for hydrogel production by radiation methods and..hydrophilic gels…  Collagen and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)..are also well known for their interesting biological properties. The blending of collagen with PVP makes it possible to obtain new materials in which strong interactions between the synthetic and biological components occur.”  http://www.chalcogen.infim.ro/1793_%20Dumitrascu.pdf

“…surgically induced fibrocollagenous tunnels induces angiogenesis in ischemic rat hindlimb model… collagen-polyvinylpyrrolidone plus heparin induced significant vascularization…” http://lib.bioinfo.pl/pmid:14705073

“Vascular tube formation and angiogenesis induced by polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles” [abstract title] www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378427411012513

   Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels, was a term first coined in 1900 but made-over in 1960s medical literature as a feature of cancer by the effort of a Boston [Children’s Hospital/Harvard] colleague, Moses Judah Folkman. Dr. “Folkman is widely known as a pioneer in the sudy of angiogenesis… Today [2008] there are more than 1,000 laboratories worldwide engaged in the study of angiogenesis, the field he founded.” In measurable practical value, however, Folkman may be better known for creating plasticized implants, including an early pacemaker: “While doing blood research for the Navy [Bethesda], Folkman had noticed that plastic tubing will gradually leak oil-based fluids… That led to a new drug-delivery system– implantable plastic capsules..[and] directly to the development of Norplant, the long-term contraceptive… Folkman gave the original patent..to the Population Council.”  http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2008/01/m-judah-folkman-biomedical-pioneer-dies-at-74

…”Judah Folkman has taken us enormously close to converting cancer into a manageable chronic disease…” http://www.chillibreeze.com/articles_various/Dr.Folkman.asp

   Without digressing here on the utility of cancer, this last comment fairly captures my perception of the goals of establishment medicine and brings up another haunting concept I’ve been thinking about as a result of this research: autoincarceration –for now, one to keep rolling. There are endless interesting citations about PVP.

   Polyvinylpyrrolidone was first made in a BASF laboratory, the company that advertizes “We don’t just create chemicals, we create chemistry” : “Polyvinylpyrrolidone is a genuine ‘multi-talent’ among BASF products because polyvinylpyrrolidones are good at (almost) everything… It all began around the end of 1938..in Ludwigshafen. Walter Reppe, the inventor of acetylene chemistry, used acetylene and pyrrolidone to produce a new monomer called vinylpyrrolidone… PVP started its career as a substitute for blood plasma in the Second World War. Known as Periston, it saved the lives of thousands of people… Half of the polyvinylpyrrolidones produced by BASF are destined for the pharmaceutical sector…  Today, BASF is the biggest producer of PVP in Europe –and an end to this success story is nowhere in sight.” http://www.basf.com/group/corporate/en/literature-document:/Brand+Luvitec-Brochure–PVP+and+more+Versatile+specialty+polymers+for+technical+applications-English.pdf

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                                                PVP

“When dry, it is a light flaky powder which readily absorbs up to 40% of its weight in atmospheric water. In solution it has excellent wetting properties and readily forms films…” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyvinylpyrrolidone

[1953]”This work..may serve as a basis for later investigations..on the combining of PVP for certain physiologic products with which it comes into intimate contact when used as a plasma expander…” http://circres.ahajournals.org/content/1/5/396.full.pdf

“Pulsed electron beam irradiation at high repitition rate generates several carbon-centered free radicals along the polymeric chain simultaneously and enhances the intra-crosslinking radical reactions. Smaller nano-gel particles..were attained at higher pulse repitition rate (300 pulses per second)…the nano-gel structure was synthesized using relatively low dose-rate radiation…” http://aiche.confex.com/aiche/2007/preliminaryprogram/abstract_91187.htm

“The microemulsion was..subjected to either electron-beam or UV-radiation to induce free-radical crosslinking of PVP at low temperature… E-beams produced orderly grids and UV produced a tangled mess…” http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2011/py/c0py00161a/unauth#

“Recently studies have shown that infection can occur in the presence of neutralizing antibodies…if the virus is first subjected to polymer encapsulation… By substituting polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) for PVA [polyvinyl alcohol], gene transfer increased seven-fold…” www.nature.com/gt/journal/v6/n9/full/3300978a.html

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Naturally existing pyrroles, incidently, come from tobacco, and as part of its intriguing history as the first confirmed isolation of  any virus (published 1892), Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) turns out to “exhibit fascinating structural features… TMV-based materials have already shown great potential in nanoelectronics.” http://www.ee.sc.edu/research/NESL/NESL_pub_pdf/NanoLett_7_3729.pdf

–now, I can only speculate what kind of story Big Tobacco might have to contribute here. Tobacco keeps coming up in my radiation biology studies; as a source of desirable chemicals such as nicotinic acid and pyrrole, as a crop target of early “radium fertilizer” and as a factor in the cancer of Henrietta Lacks, whose tumor cells were designated the immortal HeLa line in 1951 (beginning of US domestic atomic fallout), then to become the most ubiquitous of laboratory creatures (i.e., the basis of polio vaccines) –and now this too, ready nanoelectronics.

   Americans should know from history that the burgeoning economy of the Atlantic colonies was built on the slave labor of tobacco plantations. By the 1700s, excluding J.J. Astor, great fortunes were in tobacco, exemplified by Pierre Lorillard: “Lorillard is the oldest tobacco company in the world.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Abraham_Lorillard; In 1968, Lorillard was acquired by Loews Corporation, controlled by the Tisch family. If you like, take the rabbit hole: http://smokershistory.com/Lorillar.htm; or jump in and follow the money http://www.smokershistory.com/MorganGT.html

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BASF, creator of the chemistry, was the 1925 founding corporation of I.G. Farben “under the leadership of Carl Bosch…all shares were exchanged for BASF shares prior to the merger. Rubber, fuels and coatings were added to the product range“. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BASF

“In 1927, prior to the Wall Street Crash and the construction of Rockefeller Center,  Standard Oil and I.G. Farben formalized a joint partnnership that created the world’s largest chemical consortium. Howard Ambruster published a critical work in 1947 on the interwar history of the Standard-Farben venture: “Treason’s Peace, German Dyes and American Dupes”.  Ambruster wrote, “..it is and must be recognized as a cabalistic organization which..operates a far-flung and highly efficient espionnage machine –the ultimate purpose being world conquest and a world super-state directed by Farben.”  www.archive.org/stream/treasonspeaceger00ambrrich/…” http://polioforever.wordpress.com/the-rockefeller-institute/

“Under the direction of Walter Reppe (1892 – 1969, chemist and member of the  Board of Executive Directors from 1952 to 1957), research begins in 1928 on the catalytic reactions of acetylene under pressure… Carl Bosch and Friedrich Bergius receive the Nobel Prize for the development of  high-pressure technology for ammonia synthesis and coal hydrogenation…Researchers in Ludwigshafen develop a groundbreaking new invention – magnetic  tape…  Ten years of intensive research into synthetic rubber culminate in success… A patent is filed in 1939 for one of the most interesting  derivatves of acetylene chemistry: polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)… Times of war, 1940…The first 20 tons of caprolactam-based polyamide are produced in  Ludwigshafen. This opens up new ways of manufacturing fibers (nylon and Perlon)  and engineering plastics… ” http://www.basf.com/group/corporate/en/about-basf/history/1925-1944/index

“I.G. Farben had a holding company in the United States… Paul M. Warburg, first director of the Federal  Reserve Bank of New York and chairman of the Bank of Manhattan, was a Farben director and in Germany his brother Max Warburg was also a director of I.G,  Farben. H. A. Metz of I.G. Farben was also a director of the Warburg’s Bank of  Manhattan. Finally, Carl Bosch of American I.G. Farben was also a director of  Ford Motor Company A-G in Germany… Another elusive case of reported financing to Hitler is that of Fritz Thyssen, the German steel magnate…[whose]..personal banking operation was affiliated with W.A. Harriman interests in New York..” http://reformed-theology.org/html/books/wall_street/chapter_07.htm  “Virtually all members of the German Warburg family fled to the United States or Great Britain by 1938.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warburg_family  “The I.G.Farben cartel was created by loans from Wall Street in what has been called the Dawes Plan. Carroll Quigley calls the Dawes Plan ‘largely a J.P. Morgan production.’ The J.P. Morgan Group set up the loan to I.G. Farben, which created Hitler… Do you see what happened? A Rothschild agent [Morgan & Co.] set up a cartel that was directly involved in the horrible persecution of the Jews. Still the family maintains the illusion of being totally supportive of their race. At first Germany had a significant disadvantage… The nation had a fuel shortage…[but] were able to fight WWII through the use of synthetic fuels that were created by the hydrogenation process (turning coal into gasoline)… Standard Oil..was able to complete the research, facilitating the war…” [from Bloodlines of the Illuminati, by Fritz Springmeier, http://www.whale.to/b/sp/rothschild.html]

“While the processes for producing gaseous and liquid fuels by conventional techniques were being developed, exploratory experiments to investigate the rapid pyrolysis of coal to gaseous products were in progress… The results of these studies show that the rapid pyrolysis of coal produces a gaseous mixture of which acetylene is the principal hydrocarbon constituent…” http://web.anl.gov/PCS/acsfuel/preprint%20archive/Files/13_4_NEW%20YORK_09-69_0321.pdf

The US Government’s sample of PVP came to the military in 1943 as captured German medical supplies: “At the 28 July 1943 [Subcommittee on Blood Substitutes] Conference..a bottle of Periston [polyvinylpyrrolidone]..that had been captured in Tunisia..was exhibited and arrangements were made for various studies to be conducted on it… [T]oxicity experiments revealed gross pathologic changes in the spleen..described as the type to be expected in severe bone marrow damage… Autopsy also revealed changes in the liver that were apparently progressive…” http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/wwii/blood/chapter14.htm  Despite this, blood substitute science was unable to find suitable materials and Periston was bypassed because of adequate supplies of donated blood from the Red Cross program. The military dropped its inquiry at the end of the war, but in 1950 the Korean War revived their interest: “Periston was..[next] considered in the Subcommittee on Shock on 14 October 1950. Although it had been widely used in Germany during WWII and about half a million cases had since been followed up, not much was known… Apparently it caused no lasting damage to the tissues… At the 11 December..meeting..it was learned that the Schenley [Distillers] Corp. could then import 5,000 to 10,000 bottles of Periston a month from Germany and by July 1951 expected to import an intermediate form that could be processed further in the United States… A research project had been approved in principle… The Food and Drug Administration was prepared to clear Periston…” http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/wwii/blood/chapter20.htm [pp788-790] So Schenley Corp. became the government’s PVP contractor until late 1953 when Periston was dropped again in favor of another blood substitute called dextran –also provided by Schenley.

“Schenley had been owned by one Danny Weiskopf, formerly the right-hand man of Julius Kessler, the whiskey king of pre-Prohibition America. Weiskopf had sold out to Lew Rosenstiel..[who] managed to build up considerable stocks of ‘prescription whiskey’..[p95, The Bronfmans]… Before Repeal Rosenstiel had acquired..the important firm of Schenley with the help of..the totally respectable banking firm of Lehman Brothers… Rosenstiel was a true monster… He was a workaholic, needing only two hours of sleep, working seven days a week, impetuous.. a control freak who treated his employees like dirt, sacking them at a moment’s notice..[expecting] them to compromise themselves by talking in his absence, unaware that he had installed bugging devices in his offices… Rosenstiel was married four times and was bisexual…revealed from evidence given in a bitter divorce suit..by his fourth wife. If, as is possible, her evidence is true, it guarantees him a place in history as organizer of the parties at which J. Edgar Hoover could frolic in his favorite frocks, parties that featured boy prostitutes for the enjoyment of..guests like Roy Cohn. According to the fourth Mrs. Rosenstiel, at one party she attended Hoover ‘was wearing a fluffy black dress..with..lace stockings and high heels..makeup..and false eyelashes.’ Indeed it was the blackmail potential of the conversations recorded on the microphones Rosenstiel had thoughtfully installed throughout the house that allegedly explained Hoover’s refusal to pursue the Mafia. For it was at Lew’s place that Hoover met some of Rosenstiel’s business associates..like Frank Costello, Sam Giancana…Santo Trafficante..Angelo Bruno..and Meyer Lansky…” [p66, The Bronfmans, by Nicholas Faith] Sam Bronfman bought a 20% stake in Schenley. “Mr. Sam..–and above all Edgar– had been introduced to what would now be called ‘insider’ stock market dealings by the Loebs and the Gunzbergs… In France the Gunzberg connection with the Rothschilds enabled the Bronfmans to get in on the ground floor of..the innovative holiday group Club Mediterranee. In the United States the investments included a highly successful speculation into Polaroid..” [p175, ibid.]

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This story, as you might surmise, has more places to go than tunneling nanotubes, and at some point I just have to leave-off and mention that the early medical research on PVP by the government was mixed at best. They sanctioned ’emergency use’ of PVP blood substitute and called for more study. The only moderately favorable clinical trial done in 1950 was submitted by Dr. Robert M. Zollinger of Ohio State U, the beloved mentor of Judah Folkman who got him into Harvard Medial School. Polaroid eventually filed a number of PVP-containing patents, some of which appear near the end of Edwin Land’s life in 1983. “Paradoxically, a man who spent much of his life developing devices and systems for recording history didn’t leave much of his own. He didn’t keep a journal and his personal papers were destroyed upon death.” http://www.2think.org/land.shtml

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                                                                         NOTES

PVP in RESidence

Polyvinylpyrrolidone stores in the reticulo-endothelial system (RES), currently called the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), “part of the immune system that consists of the phagocytic cells located in reticular connective tissue. The cells..accumulate in lymph nodes and the spleen. The Kupffer cells of the liver and tissue histiocytes are..part of the MPS… The mononuclear phagocyte system is part of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity..[with] an important role in defense against microorganisms… [In] the liver, Kupffer cells store excess iron [coming] from the breakdown of red blood cells. In bone marrow and spleen, iron is stored in RES cells mostly as ferritin… The functions of the MPS..[are] formation of Red and White blood cells [RBCs and WBCs], destruction of old RBCs and WBCs, formation of antibody, formation of plasma proteins, formation of bile pigments [and] storage of iron.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reticuloendothelial_system

“When administered in very large amounts or over long periods (either as a plasma replacement or as a dryg carrier) deposits identified as PVP have been found in RES cells of various organs and in the lung, kidney and intestines… For example, PVP storage was apparent in 28 of 29 autopsies of patients who received PVP..by intravenous injection over 2-81 days at total doses of 4 g[grams]. Microscopic examination revealed slight structural changes… Slight adverse effects to the function of lungs, kidneys, liver and intestines..have been described… Other reports have also noted..granulomatous or inflammatory reactions in association with PVP deposits in..the liver and lymph nodes… PVP deposits in a wide range of tissues..when examined up to 15 years later…”[noted here also at 20 years] http://tobaccodocuments.org/pm/2057958898-8907.html

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Edwin Herbert Land, “As a member of PSAC [the President’s Scientific Advisory Committee], Land co-authored a study that led to the establishment of the highly secretive National Reconnaisance Office (NRO), participated..and promoted the development of satellites..[and] also served on the special committee..that laid the foundations for the transformation of the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (NACA) into NASA…” http://cmu.edu/coldwar/mcelheny.html; EHL would certainly have been aware of the research objectives expressed by Manfred Clynes and Nathan S. Kline in 1960 :

“Altering  man’s bodily functions to meet the requirements of extraterrestrial environments  would be more logical than providing an earthly environment for him in space…” https://jenniferlake.wordpress.com/2012/04/13/cyborgology

Cyborgology

                                                                    

“There are many actual cyborgs among us in society. Anyone with an artificial organ, limb or supplement (like a pacemaker), anyone reprogrammed to resist disease (immunized) or drugged to think/behave/feel better (psychopharmacology) is technically a cyborg… there is no consensus on what a cyborg is… Many see..Frankenstein’s creature as the first cyborg… ” –Chris Gray, p2, The Cyborg Handbook

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“A cyborg, short for “cybernetic organism”, is a being with both biological and artificial (e.g. electronic, mechanical or robotic) parts. The term was coined in 1960 when Manfred Clynes and Nathan S. Kline used it in an article about the advantages of self-regulating human-machine systems in outer space….  the term “Cybernetic organism” has been applied to networks, such as road systems, corporations and governments, which have been classed as such. The term can also apply to micro-organisms which are modified to perform at higher levels than their unmodified counterparts…

   “The concept of a man-machine mixture was widespread in science fiction before World War II…

The term [cyborg] first appears in print [in 1960]..when The New York Times reported on the Psychophysiological Aspects of Space Flight Symposium where Clynes and Kline first presented their paper;

“A cyborg is essentially a man-machine system in which the control mechanisms of the human portion are modified externally by drugs or regulatory devices so that the being can live in an environment different from the normal one.” — Clynes and Kline, 1960 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybernetic_organism

Manfred Clynes and Nathan S. Kline:

“Altering  man’s bodily functions to meet the requirements of extraterrestrial environments  would be more logical than providing an earthly environment for him in space… This self-regulation must function without the benefit of consciousness in order to cooperate with  the body’s own autonomous homeostatic controls…

…While it is quite difficult to set upper limits to ‘natural’ human physiological and psychological  performance, we can take as minimal the capabilities demonstrated under control conditions such as yoga or hypnosis. The imagination is stretched by the  muscular control of which even the undergraduate at a Yoga College is capable,  and hypnosis per se may prove to have a definite place in space travel, although  there is much to be learned about the phenomena of disassociation,  generalization of instructions, and abdication of executive control.

      We are now working on a new  preparation which may greatly enhance hypnotizability, so that pharmacological  and hypnotic approaches may be symbiotically combined.

Wakefulness… The extension of normal functioning through the use of that group of drugs known  as psychic energizers, with adjunctive medication, for this purpose is a  present-day reality…

Radiation  Effects. One  subsystem of the Cyborg would involve a sensor to detect radiation levels and an  adaptation of the Rose osmotic pump which would automatically inject protective  pharmaceuticals in appropriate doses. Experiments at the AF School of Aviation  Medicine already indicate an increase in radiation resistance resulting from  combined administration of aminoethylisothioronium and cysteine to monkeys.

Metabolic..Controls. In the case of prolonged space flight…food — poses a  major problem. During a flight of a year Or longer… Hypothermia  (reduction of body temperature) would appear to be a desirable state in such  long voyages in order to reduce metabolism, and thus human “fuel” consumption… The use of.. hibernation (through pituitary control), alone or in  combination with pharmaceuticals, all seem to offer possibilities in attempting  to obtain and maintain such a state…

Enzyme  Systems. Under  conditions of lowered body temperature, certain enzyme systems would tend to  remain more active than others. The extent to which pharmaceutical or chemical  agents could influence this enzyme activity has not been systematically  investigated, but beyond question they will play an important role. Since  metabolism is subject to enzyme control, several intriguing possibilities exist.  For example, it may be possible through in vitro radiation to convert certain  organisms from aerobic to anaerobic states and, by studying changes in the  enzyme systems, to adapt them for eventual human use…

Psychoses. Despite all the care exercised,  there remains a strong possibility that somewhere in the course of a long space  voyage a psychotic episode might occur, and this is one condition for which no  servomechanism can be completely designed at the present time. While an  emergency osmotic pump containing one of the high-potency phenothiazines  together with reserpine could be a part of the complete space man’s kit, the  frequent denial by an individual undergoing a psychotic episode that his thought  processes, emotions, or behavior are abnormal, might keep him from voluntarily  accepting medication. For this reason, if monitoring is adequate, provision  should be made for triggering administration of the medication remotely from  earth…

http://faculty.uca.edu/rnovy/Clynes–Cyborgs%20and%20Space.htm

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Current development in “remote medicine”:

May, 2012: [Nature magazine] “Researchers have remotely activated genes inside living animals, a proof of concept that could one day lead to medical procedures in which patients’ genes are triggered on demand.” http://www.nature.com/news/remote-controlled-genes-trigger-insulin-production-1.10585

“Some laboratory mice were given specially engineered insulin-producing genes. These genes were then remotely activated using radio waves. This could mean a whole new field of medical proceedures in which we turn genes on and off at will. This breakthrough is the work of geneticists at New York’s Rockefeller University… Admittedly..the researchers did first have to inject some nanoparticles onto the mice’s cells in order to affect their genes…

   “The radio waves are ideal for this sort of remote manipulation because they can pass through thick layers of tissue, and they can be easily focused…

Even better, the researchers have already developed a way to achieve similar, albeit weaker, results without having to inject nanoparticles at all. They have developed cells that can grow their own required nanoparticles… However, as Nature explains, this would still require growing tumors inside humans to actually get these cell cultures in place, which means the treatment isn’t yet ethically permissible in humans.”  http://io9.com/5908065/scientists-switch-mouses-genes-off-and-on-with-radio-waves?tag=genetics

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Manfred Clynes interviewed by cyborgologist Chris Hables Gray [published in The Cyborg Handbook, 1995]:

CHG: Why exactly did you guys decide to write about space travel?

MC: Nathan Kline was the director of this research facility there at the Rockland State Hospital and one day somebody asked him… Dr. Kline was interested in the application of drugs for the treatment of mental patients.

CHG: Yes, psychopharmacology

MC: Psychopharmacology. This man, I think Flaherty…

CHG: Yeah, he was with NASA.

MC:..invited him to write something for us at NASA. So, he talked to me and said, ‘Would you like to write something jointly with me? I will write about the drugs and you write about other physiologic systems.’ I said, ‘What do I know about this? I know nothing.’ Anyhow we agreed… And I coined this word cyborg…

CHG: I noticed you used the term participant evolution in that article.

MC: Yes. In other words man has now become conscious enough of the way he was built physiologically…that he could now supplement the homeostasis with which he evolved… So as to supplement it by his own imagination and through his own creativity…to simply allow him to make use of his faculties…

…I have to criticize a little what seems to be a great lack of appreciation of molecular biology among cyborg studies. The great things that are happening today in the scientific world are advances in molecular biology along with computers. Those are the two regions of our scientific world that are growing very rapidly, and compared to them psychology is dead in the water completely.

   It is already known that the emotional world of men is fashioned through molecules like neuropeptides… These peptides have receptors scattered throughout the brain..[and] it is known that the emotional world can be affected now by designer molecules. That’s where the computers and molecular biology will intermarry… computer-designed molecules..that will naturally work inside the brain and will be able to change the emotional aspects.

…They continually are making gene products, some are turned off, some are turned on…So that by controlling and knowing how to control the natural products, and turning the genes on and off, we will have tremendous power to change the emotional world of man.

…Evolution is more than survival of the fittest. And participant evolution can…probably improve the qualities of life more effectively..than by just waiting for the less fit to become extinct.” [pp46-53]

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Cyborg Ethics

C.H. Gray poses the question, “Could there be a cyborg ethics? Yes, we think so. And not just one. Several systems are implicitly elaborated in the pages [of The Cyborg Handbook]… David Channel has elaborated what he calls a ‘bionic’ ethic: ‘A bionic ethic must take into consideration both the mechanical and the organic aspects of the cybernetic ecology in order to maintain the system’s integrity, stability, diversity and purposefulness. Neither the mechanical nor the organic can be allowed to bring about the extinction of the other.’ (The Vital Machine, p154).” [p12]

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For the Human Materials Industry generated by “patient care”, the ethic is described:

“When it appears that a patient will become brain-dead, a change in medical routines occurs. Care of the patient as a whole being becomes care of biological materials contained within and the technological components that convert them into useable products. There are two parts to the process; the maintenance of the body as incubator and storage container for the human materials, and the preservation and conversion of the specific materials themselves. It is important to note that this process can begin long before the patient is declared legally dead…

   “Once the brain ceases to function…the body is no longer a self-regulating system… Cyborg mechanics must replace brain functions…

   “Recognizing the considerable market potential of the human materials industry, pharmaceutical and medical supply companies have developed new products and entire new industries… The goals of these new products are to preserve tissue integrity before being removed, and to make the materials more ‘immunologically silent’ to prevent problems later when they are replaced inside another body. In essence, the human materials are being structurally, chemically and functionally transformed to make them more universal. In this way, they become not only substitutable mechanical parts, but more like off-the-shelf reagents, available for use in a variety of end-users.” [p208]

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“This is possible in a late-capitalist age in which commodification has reached into hithertofore unimaginable realms of life. However it meant that ideas about the boundaries of the body as well as boundaries between human and nonhuman had to change… new social interventions were required. The first and most important was a new definition of ‘death’. The cessation of brain functions..is now accepted as the legal and medical category ‘death’…Brain death allows the suspension of time, which in turn allows cultural and bodily processes to be fragmented and reconfigured. Significantly, it allows the process to be staged by biomedical ‘managers’ and experts… this medical-legal construction left us with an even more ambiguous entity; the ‘living cadaver’. In attempting to reduce ambiguity, it is necessary to deconstruct the subject (the person), and reconstruct an object (the production unit)… Throughout the process, cultural meanings must be stripped from the person. Identity must be erased… While these processes can be called social technologies, the core technologies used..are chemical and mechanical. Through these, the physical body is reprogrammed and retooled for new uses…” [p206]

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“While it may be true that many of us are living in cyborg societies, we have to remember that those are also plural societies… Future cyborg studies will hopefully attend to cultural beliefs and practices, and the ways in which they are transformed and transforming. Studying cyborgs and their social relations means not only learning where and how bodies exist in relation to machines, but also what types of bodies they are, and where they are situated. As Stone (1994) has pointed out, bodies and communities constitute each other.“ [p215]

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                                                      TechnoCalypse: The Transhumanists

                               (part one) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ri9CFs6x-MQ&feature=relmfu

                               (part two) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0WpZz3R7vrM&feature=relmfu

                               (part three) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZRILun-zvQI&feature=relmfu

                               (part four) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JAFVQCTeF_A&feature=relmfu

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                                                        Walker Lake Dome Project

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The Walker Lake Dome Project, built by Universal Yoyodyne and announced on March 30, 2012, intends to enclose the town of Westwood, California, in the volcanic northeast region of the state. http://sheildgeometry.com/specifications.html;  “Interestingly, Westwood had a very large indoor shopping mall as far back as the 1930s, as well as a large theater, skating rink and club for the mill workers. The town was sold in 1944 to the Fruit Growers Supply Company, today known as part of Sunkist… The [2010] Census reported that 1,647 people (100% of the population) lived in households..and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westwood,_California

“The company plans on using the town as a proving ground for technology that might one day enclose major U.S. cities, especially those prone to weather related disasters…” http://www.susanvillestuff.com/2012/04/anaheim-company-announces-plans-for-westwood-dome/

Sunkist Growers, Inc  “is the largest fresh produce shipper in the United States, the most diversified citrus processing and marketing operation in the world, and one of California’s largest land-owners.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunkist_Growers; “[Albert D.] Lasker is largely responsible for America’s infatuation with orange juice. Lord & Thomas acquired the Sunkist Growers, Incorporated account in 1908, when Lasker was 28…” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_D._Lasker  Formerly timberland harvested for Sunkist packing boxes, the Westwood area and other lumber centers are now managed forests: http://www.foresthistory.org/Publications/FHT/FHTSpringFall2006/FHT_2006_Citrus.pdf

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Cyborg publications: http://www.brown.edu/Departments/MCM/amm/archive/cyborgArch.html

Vaccine Diplomacy

  Jonas Salk, c.1955

Polio Diplomacy describes the complex activities of building a modern global medical infrastructure in the twentieth century; activities that intensified in the 1930s as radiation-assisted genetic science expanded and then virtually exploded alongside the Atomic Bomb. The spread of polio is a means of tracking nuclear proliferation and as we shall see, especially during the Cold War, nuclear intentions.  The ‘year 2000′ redoubled effort to eradicate polio by vaccination has become a tyranny of the first order. More than any other aspect of the Polio Story, polio diplomacy reveals the depth of covert globalization and humanity’s present “genetic crisis”.

Polio vaccinations should have been stopped. They were going to be in 2000. Most of world’s circulating disease-associated polioviruses are acknowleged to be vaccine-derived, but there never was a really “wild type” of natural poliovirus. The artifice begun in the first decade of the 20th century is now the artifice of the 21st. Polio, cancer, AIDS, vaccines, transgenics and ”equalized” populations have ended the domain of the once free-living species known as ourselves.

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“Vaccines as Instruments of Foreign Policy” — Peter J. Hotez, Sabin Vaccine Institute: “the notion that vaccines may function as agents of conflict resolution is one that has deep historical roots… The modern era of American vaccine diplomacy followed on the heels of the Marshall Plan… In the 1950s, when polio epidemics occurred every summer in North America, Europe, and the USSR, Albert Sabin began to work closely with Soviet virologists… It is not widely known that the attenuated polio strains developed in Sabin’s laboratory at the University of Cincinnati were transformed into a clinically useful oral vaccine with the help of Soviet virologists… What followed was a remarkable example of Cold War diplomacy, in which Soviet children were among the first to receive test doses of the oral polio vaccine… Like polio, the control..of smallpox was the product of Cold War vaccine diplomacy.” http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1084093/

 “Vaccines are the most powerful tool available to equalize the health of human beings in every corner of the world,”  said H.R. Shepherd, first chair of the Sabin Vaccine Institute. “Enlightened leaders understand the power of vaccines to help bring peace and opportunity to the most troubled places in our world. Vaccines are the microchip that will revolutionize healthcare”  http://www.sabin.org/files/SVR_No1_Vol2.pdf

  Albert Sabin

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                                                         Get the story…

                                                                     www.polioforever.wordpress.com

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…”Since 1880, immunity against bacterial diseases has been systematically studied. In that year, Pasteur discovered by accident that Bacillus anthracis, cultivated at a temperature of 42 to 43 [degrees]C (108-110 degreesF), lost its virulence after a few generations. Later it was found that animals inoculated with these enfeebled bacteria showed resistance to the virulent bacilli. From this beginning dates the prevention, modification, and treatment of disease by immunization… The notion of a weak form of a disease causing immunity to the virulent version was not new; this had been known for a long time for smallpox… The difference with chicken cholera and anthrax was that the weakened form of the disease organism had been generated artificially, and so a naturally weak form of the disease organism did not need to be found.  This discovery revolutionized work in infectious diseases, and Pasteur gave these artificially weakened diseases the generic name of vaccines, to honor Jenner’s discovery.” www.fjcollazo.com/fjc_publishings/documents/pasteurrpt.htm

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The legal power of forced vaccination was decided in the United States in 1905 https://jenniferlake.wordpress.com/2009/09/19/victory-for-forced-vaccination/

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Stealing “natural immunity” with vaccines: https://jenniferlake.wordpress.com/2009/10/29/the-vaccine-controlled-population/

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“Medicine is the keystone in the arch of socialism” –Lenin

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V._I._Lenin

Mysterious Meltdowns

http://www.jimstonefreelance.com/reactorlid.jpg

“…reactor 4 appears to have been blown to pieces as seen in this classified photo The yellow dome which should be sitting on top of reactor 4 can be clearly seen on the wrong side of the containment building. This type of destruction is is indicative of hard weaponry in use; a hydrogen air mix will not do that. Reactors are not made out of tinfoil. On top of this, there was no potential for
an explosion at reactor 4 at all, it had been defueled. SO WHAT, PRAY TELL, BLEW
IT APART? That’s the dirty question no one is asking – how did that happen?”http://www.jimstonefreelance.com/fukushima.html

–just to clear something up, the yellow lid was not blown sideways into place. I expect, if it is a reactor lid,  it’s in its normal position for defueling from other pictures I’ve seen of this reactor type.  There has to be a limit on how much sabotage could have occurred at Fukushima given the major psy-op taking place which must include the radiation releases. At the moment I don’t have any good information about that, just a word: perception.

There are some people finding cause to celebrate:

Message from Barbara Marx Hubbard

“Dearly Beloved Conscious Evolutionaries,

   “As we suffer through the mounting crises in Japan, Libya, the Middle East, and the whole world, it is vital that we place the crises in the context of evolutionary drivers toward what is being born through us. For example, members of the Goi Peace Foundation in Japan sent out a letter to many of us saying that they have decided to invite visionaries, scientists, artists and environmentalists from all over the world to help build a New City that represents a New Civilization. As you know, we have known that ‘Our Crisis is a Birth’. Now I feel the hour of birth is near… I am really thrilled to invite you to enroll in my Agents of Conscious Evolution Training (ACE).. or those who want to embody the principles and practices of conscious evolution and to help form global teams to catalyze the Birth Day celebration on December 22, 2012. Never before..could such an opportunity be offered to us.” http://www.barbaramarxhubbard.com/site/blog/?m=201103

Marx Hubbard had a years-long collaborative partnership with Jonas Salk, ‘spiritualizing’ his concepts of metabiology which carries on as a variety of organizations and projects such as the “Good Ancestor Principle” conference that includes other Salk collaborators and futurists. Vernor Vinge, recently mentioned in TIME magazine, is one of those people. http://www.upliftacademy.org/wiki/index.php?title=GAP2009

Quoting TIME: “The word singularity is borrowed from astrophysics: it refers to a point in space-time –for example, inside a black hole– at which the rules of ordinary physics do not apply. In the 1980s the science-fiction novelist Vernor Vinge attached it to Good’s intelligence-explosion scenario. At a NASA symposium in 1993, Vinge announced that ‘within 30 years, we will have the technological means to create super-human intelligence. Shortly after, the human era will be ended.” http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,2048138,00.html

Feb.21, 2011, Cover “2045, The Year Man Becomes Immortal” : 2012 to 2045 is 33 years of symbolic fruition (maturity, mastery, etc). What I suppose from playing around with dates and numbers is a heavy cryptic relationship with the meltdown scenario and the Singularity expressed by the Time article, or put in other words, this is the trigger for total bioremediation which will take a full generational course of maturation to complete –a techno-generation. In principle, we’re being served an eviction notice with a grace period, perhaps, to squat in our own flesh until the robocops come.

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   Going back to the roots, atomic weapons were conceived to be the greatest global threat to humanity –the World War II  “race for the bomb” was a hoax, begun in the 1920s– forcing One Worldism through the ultimate fear of nuclear annihilation. There is virtually no limit to the number of examples that can be drawn to illustrate this reality.  Each step on the way is instructive to comprehending the means of nuclear blackmail. But the component of bioterror, and the medical programs that co-operated with nuclear proliferation, have passed us by. We conveniently believe that flu, polio, AIDS, cancers and many more diseases are viral contagions that can be blamed on social behaviors. It goes unadvertized that flu and polio (renamed and relabeled) are historic radiation illnesses and the vaccines and viruses created in their name have been the means by which the military-medical complex is altering the human genetic code. I believe that “species transformation” is the most precious goal of one-worlders on whatever level their members function, be they “right”, “left”, “libertarian”, “anti-nuclear”, “green”, “peace and justice” or any major politicized movement that involves interacting platforms. The great deception has been to steadily march us toward the same end –our own– no matter which humanitarian efforts we individually support. These are not vague notions but the relentless application of modern economics that pits states (governments and corporations) against people. When such entities are imbued with super-intelligence, or rapacious super-self-interest, they’ll be having us for breakfast as we circulate to the margins of their systems (much as they do now) only with an added peculiar quality of auto-incarceration. Sickness, or the pursuit of wellness, is a proven economic stimulus for the exchange of products and services among the entities.

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   It’s not possible to reckon the radiation threat from Fukushima due to obstructions of information, but if I had to guess on the trend, I’d say that the northern hemisphere has doubled its “background” without accounting for regional hotspots. Whole-body irradiation translates directly to immunosuppression.

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..”TEPCO Finally Admits Stabilizing Reactors by 2012 Impossible” http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=25058

“Fukushima escalates to worse-case possibility — Japan says that nuclear fuel in three reactors has possibly melted through the pressure vessels and accumulated in the outer containment vessels… this melt-through is far worse than a core meltdown and the worst possibility in a nuclear accident…” http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2011/s3239276.htm

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“The pressure vessel of the No. 1 reactor is now believed to have suffered damage just five hours after the March 11 earthquake and tsunami, contrary to an estimation released by Tepco, which estimated the failure at 15 hours later.  Melt-downs of the fuel in the No. 2 and No. 3 reactors followed over the following days with the molten fuel collecting at the bottom of the pressur vessels before burning through and into the external steel containment vessels.” http://georgewashington2.blogspot.com/2011/06/nuclear-fuel-has-melted-through-base-of.html

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Yoichi Shimatsu: “On the first day of the Fukushima disaster, Tepco reported that reactors 1, 2 and 6 were operating at the time of the quake and tsunami, and that the other 3 reactors were empty of fuel rods for periodic maintenance… Then reactor 3 blows and burns, and without any correction to the first report, Tepco then says 1, 2 and 3 were operating and the others were down… Then reactor 4 building catches on fire… The fire is so extreme (for depleted uranium) that the reactor is damaged… Next, reactors 4 and 5 are found to be generating hydrogen gas… The presence of a gas build-up indicates that these two reactors contain fuel rods, contrary to Tepco claims. This means reactors 4 and 5 had recently conducted runs or were being prepared for operations of an undetermined (and unreported) nature.

   The other technical mystery is that Tepco engineers suggested that the electric power inside the plant was knocked out by something other than the tsunami. I have pointed to this possibility early on, that the quake and control disruptions could have made the control computers vulnerable to the Stuxnet virus.

   The other possibility to consider is that a high-power electromagnetic event (for example a sudden burst of energy from the release of ionized gases from the de-magnetized laser-plasma process) could have knocked out all electrical systems, similar to how a neutron bomb would incapacitate [a] power system. Very little of this information was recorded in..reports…” http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=24364

…”The bloom of irradiated seawater across the Pacific comprises another piece of the puzzle because its underground source is untraceable (or, perhaps, unmentionable)” http://newamericanmedia.org/2011/04/is-japans-elite-hiding-a-weapons-program-inside-nuclear-plants.php

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 In spite of this news, there are locals in Japan who are not leaving the evacuation zone. Soma is about 20 miles up the coast from the Daiichi plant, and at least one family is staying: “There is not a lot of petrol in the town and many people don’t have enough food, but our house has electricity and water and my grandmother grows rice and vegetables, so we are not worried… I actually think the government has said too much about the danger…” http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/japan/8403538/Japan-nuclear-crisis-family-refuses-to-leave-home-despite-radiation-threat.html

…”radiation leaks at the Fukushima nuclear power plant have forced 80,000 people  living within a 12-mile (20-kilometer) radius of the facility to leave their  homes” http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/2011-05-21-japan-earthquake-research_n.htm?csp=34news&amp&amp&amp

August 2011: Disturbing updates from the AP newswire say the Japanese government said far too little. A school in Namie, 6 miles from the Daiichi plant, was used as an evacuation center during an intentional release at Fukushima, prior to the explosions. No one warned the 8,000 residents of Namie that TEPCO was venting; “transcripts indicate.. communication breakdowns… The evacuees at shelters.. were not told to move further away until March 16, five days into the crisis… Health officials say they have no plans to prioritize radiation tests of those who were at the school… Most of Namie..has since been declared too dangerous for habitation.”  http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2011/08/08/international/i215717D64.DTL

Thousands of people within the evacuation zones were exposed to lethal doses of radioactivity for days on end. Where are those people today?

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“Physician and Epidemiologist Say 35% Spike in Infant Mortality in Northwest Cities Since Meltdown Might be the Result of Fallout from Fukushima… eight cities in the northwest U.S. (Boise ID,  Seattle WA, Portland OR, plus the northern California cities of Santa Cruz, Sacramento, San Francisco, San Jose, and Berkeley) reported the following data on deaths among those younger than one year of age: 4 weeks ending March 19, 2011 – 37 deaths (avg. 9.25 per week) [and] 10 weeks ending May 28, 2011 – 125 deaths (avg. 12.50 per week)…” The CDC additionally informs a rate increase from the approx. 7 deaths per 1000, its 2001 figure, as “All years from 2002 to 2007 were higher than the 2001 rate.” http://georgewashington2.blogspot.com/2011/06/physician-and-epidemiologist-say-35.html

The mortality rate covering ‘4 weeks to March 19’, obviously doesn’t include Fukushima fallout. Local radioactive environments, which could have been spiking independently, may be getting lost-in-the-stream following March 19:

Idaho, 50 radiation sites: http://www.prop1.org/prop1/radiated/id0rept.htm

Washington, 65 radiation sites: http://www.prop1.org/prop1/radiated/wa0rept.htm

Oregon, 14 radiation sites: http://www.prop1.org/prop1/radiated/or0rept.htm

California, 163 radiation sites:http://www.prop1.org/prop1/radiated/ca0rept.htm

1999-2001, rate of fetal-infant mortality deaths in the Bay Area:

“Alameda had the highest fetal-infant mortaliy rate of 9.1 per 1000 births (still and live)”

“San Francisco was near the regional mean of 7.7 [infant deaths per 1000 births]

“African Americans..[had] a fetal-infant mortality rate of 16.2 per 1000 –twice as high as all other race categories. The CDC has found similar statistics nationwide..”

http://articles.sfgate.com/2006-03-05/other-article/17286101_1_stillborn-baby-child-care-ultrasound/12

Ten year (1992-2001) infant mortality survey, California counties, showing a trending decrease to a low of avg. 7 deaths per 1000. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/news/infant/countystats?fips=CA025

2002, Seattle and King County infant mortality:

“…all time low rate of 4.5 deaths per 1000…dropped 56 percent since it peaked 20 years ago [10 per 1000]. For the first time, in 2002 Seattle’s infant mortality rate dropped below..the rest of the county… Washington State as a whole reported 5.2 deaths per 1000 births. All of these were well below the United States average of  7 deaths per 1000 births.”…but, “African-Americans [rate of 9.16] and American Indian/Alaska Native mothers reported significantly more ‘stressful life events’..[‘associated with adverse health outcomes’ such as]..racism,..changed residence, had bills they couldn’t pay, lost their job or became homeless, for example.” http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2002064782_mortality16m.html

Washington State has not maintained its infant survival. In 2008, the state Nurses Association championed a plea for awareness: “Our pubic health system is at a crisis point…We simply cannot afford any more cuts to..health funding… Washington’s..health system is in jeopardy due to [lack of] funding..[and] deterioration..[i.e] Increased..vaccine preventable disease…Increased rates of communicable disease…increased newborn and infant mortality… the system is grossly inadequate…” http://www.wsna.org/Topics/Public-Health/

   The gutting of public health funding also became acute for state laboratories begining in 2005 as Bird Flu fear and preparedness became a major issue. The systematic unfunding of state health departments is part of the Pandemic Unfolding/GEIS articles in this blog. In 2007 it was widely reported that life expectancy (which includes infant death) in the U.S. dropped from 11th place in the world to 42. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/08/12/AR2007081200113.html

  We can’t rule out local-regional radiation effects until (if, when, if ever) there’s a lot more information. The medical establishment on the whole is geared to disregard radiation damage and there’s no indication of changing its tune.  A traditional indicator of fallout, monitored since the 1950s, is the accumulation in dairy milk. http://blog.alexanderhiggins.com/2011/04/11/japan-nuclear-radiation-hawaii-milk-2033-percent-federal-drinking-water-limits-16130/ ; http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2011/06/14/dairy-farmers-fight-radiation-with-boron.aspx

Listen to Dr. Chris Busby describe his Chernobyl data, including the correspondence of infant mortality (due to mostly radiation-induced heart defects) and the environmental concentration of radionuclides in milk : http://www.radio4all.net/index.php/program/50835

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“The nuclear crisis in Japan has laid bare an ever-growing problem for the United States –the enormous amounts of still-hot radioactive waste accumulating at..nuclear reactors… the nation has no place to permanently store the material… Three-quarters of the waste sits in water-filled cooling pools like those at the Fukushima Dai-ichi..complex… The rest of the..fuel..has been put into dry cask storage… While the U.S. Department of Energy previously reported figures on overall spent fuel storage, it no longer has updated information available… kept confidential for security reasons.” http://apnews.excite.com/article/2011023/D9M4KNKG1.html

Where to put the mounting U.S. rad waste is a problem that’s been held off since 1957 when deep underground entombment was first proposed. Over the past year, the final motions to nix the repository at Yucca Mountain were concluded just a few months before the Daiichi meltdowns. The decision was rife with machinations: “The head of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission witheld and manipulated information in an effort to stop work on..Yucca Mountain in Nevada, according to an internal investigation… The report ‘paints an embarassing picture of a bully whose use of deceit and manipulation is ruining the integrity of a..regulatory agency’… Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid..vowed to do everything in his power to kill [the Yucca Mtn project]. President Barack Obama..has moved consistently to kill it since taking office in 2009. [Gregory] Jaczko, who has chaired the NRC since May 2009, worked as a science adviser to Reid before joining the NRC in 2005.” http://www.deseretnews.com/article/700143128/NRC-chief-hid-information-IG-says.html?s_cid=rss-5

Harry Reid: “I stand with Israel and America stands with Israel because the values that have cast our histories are one and the same. And our futures will be intertwined even more than our history has been.” http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/144467

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June 14, 2011 — Italy — “More than 94% of voters opposed the government’s plan to resume nuclear power generation… The high turnout showed ‘a will on the part of citizens to participate in decisions about our future that cannot be ignored,’ Mr. Berlusconi said… Anti-nuclear campaigners say Japan’s Fukushima disaster in March helped sway public opinion against nuclear power, which Italians rejected in a referemdum soon after the 1986 Chernobyl disaster… Germany and Switzerland have both recently announced that they will phase out nuclear power in the coming decades, while in other countries, like Britain and France, support remains strong. Italians were also asked..[to vote] on whether government ministers could be exempted from court cases… Mr. Berlusconi..is currently facing four separate trials. The special immunity granted to him by parliament has recently been struck down in the courts, and Mr. Berlusconi has agreed to attend court when not engaged on important business. But he has missed several hearings and did so again on Monday meeting Israeli Prime Minister..Netanyahu instead.” http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-13741105

“Germany’s atomic exit has been the biggest move, so far. It..announced that all of its nuclear power plants will be phased out by 2022.” http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-13732050; “Environment Minister Norbert Roettgen announced the decision by the centre-right coalition..in the early hours of Monday morning [May  30], describing it as ‘irreversible’… Germany has 17 nuclear reactors on its territory, eight of which are currently off the electricity grid. Seven..are the country’s oldest… But it also means that [Germany] will have to find 22 percent of its electricity needs..from another source… Monday’s decision is effectively a return to the timetable set by the previous Social Democrat–Green coalition government a decade ago.” http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/10554/germany-announces-end-to-nuclear-power-by-2022

— noticing the disempowerment of the old WWII Axis powers? Is this conservation of what has previously been gained?

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“Decomissioning Reactors: A Growth Industry” http://www.ccnr.org/decommission.html

“Tepco’s Reactors May Take 30 Years, $12 Billion to Scrap” http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-03-30/tokyo-electric-s-damaged-reactors-may-take-30-years

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“According to the EPA website, the agency reviews RadNet data before making it public. ‘Radiation emergency response experts can request access to a restricted RadNet data site, where all RadNet data is housed before being released for public access.’ ” http://www.wayoutwestnews.com/2011/03/18/infinitesimal-increase-in-bay-area-radiation-detected-in-epas-publically-available-data/

Volunteers who log and blog about radiation in northern California ask “why is there a spike registered in San Francisco around March 2?”…”my blue cobalt cloud was 3/26 and no data is on radnet for that day in Sacramento or S.F.”…”The EPA did say in a press release at some point that the monitors are taken offline when they read levels that are considered more than background radiation”…”The EPA stations for Fresno and Bakersfield have been notorious for wild swings”  http://www.nuc.berkeley.edu/node/3586?page=1

“…there are no sensors along the coast between San Francisco and Los Angeles… ‘The fundamental concern is that we’re being offered bland assurances that everything is ok but much of the monitoring system was broken,’ [Daniel]Hirsch said.” [i.e.San Diego monitor was nonfunctional since November 2010] http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2011/03/25/gaps-in-california-radiation-monitoring-revealed/

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June 6 —  At this moment, there’s a “Level 4 emergency“due to flooding and fire at the Fort Calhoun, Nebraska Nuclear station:  ..”the [electrical] fire resulted in the loss of cooling for the reactor’s spent fuel pool” [2 of 4 pumps failed for a period of time] http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mSvvmrB7qEg&feature=relmfu

NRC Emergency Classification: http://www.nrc.gov/about-nrc/emerg-preparedness/about-emerg-preparedness/emerg-classification.html

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“Radioactive tritium has leaked from three-quarters of U.S. commercial nuclear power sites, often into groundwater from corroded, buried piping…according to U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission records… Tritium..often indicates the presence of more powerful radioactive isotopes that are..spilled at the same time…” http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_aging_nukes_part2

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“OAK RIDGE, Tenn.– Federal authorities have approved licenses allowing up to 1,000 tons of low-level radioactive waste from Germany to be brought to Oak Ridge..for incineration… With German waste now permitted to enter the U.S. and come to Oak Ridge, [Don] Safer expects Tennessee to become ‘the destination for processing radioactive waste from all over the world.’ ” http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/06/19/national/main20072417.shtml?tag=re1.channel

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“The President’s fiscal year 2011 budget request eliminates funding for the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management. The Office of Nuclear Energy [ONE] will lead used fuel activities previously performed by OCRWM.” http://www.energy.gov/environment/ocrwm.htm; and, no, they don’t actually call the agency “ONE” –for a logo, they put an “NE” inside a circle inside orbits of electrons, and call themselves the Office of “NE”, being the first agency I know of to drop the “O”.

Transgenic Round-up

    

NATURE is literally forced at the point-of-a-gun to permanently accept mutant biological shrapnel or die. Only the survivors, be they microbes or caged lab rats are allowed to multiply and pass on their new genes while a potentially unlimited variety of species are being cross-linked for use. An alarmingly escalated pattern of ‘blight’ and disease which threatens world food supplies and human survival appears to closely precede the mass introduction of transgenics wherever they take root. I’ll write more about this pattern in future posts — for now, here’s a sample roll call of transgenic progress.

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The Helios Gene Gun..”uses..DNA- or RNA-coated gold particles..loaded into the gun and you pull the trigger.” http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/Bio111/genegun.html

“..Monsanto researchers encountered enormous diffculties in introducing [a mutant gene] into soybean cells… In the face of this resistance from nature, [they] decided to bring out..a “gene gun” invented by two Cornell University scientists…When John Sanford and his colleague Ted Klein came up with the idea for this last-ditch weapon, they were considered crazy, even though laboratories at the time were prepared to do anything to force the desired DNA to penetrate the target cells… But nothing was working. The gene gun is now the insertion tool most frequently used by the ‘artillerymen’ of genetic engineering. It works by attaching genetic constructs to microscopic gold or tungsten* bullets and shooting them into a culture of embryonic cells… As Arnold Apotheker points out..,’In their determination to subjugate nature, humans use the technologies of war to force cells to accept genes of other species’.” [pp140-141] >>>Monsanto found its pesticide-resistant mutant gene near its most highly glyphosate-contaminated production plant. So what about us? Is the purpose of forced healthcare to search for mutant DNA?

..”The New York Times was able to get its hands on a draft of a secret document, dated October 13, 1986, in which the company’s directors established a veritable battle plan to impose GMOs in the United States. Among the primary objectives were ‘creating support for biotechnology at the highest U.S. policy levels’, and ‘working to gain endorsements..in the presidential platforms..in the 1988 election’… On June 2, 1987..Monsanto researchers conducted their first field test of transgenic crops in Jerseyville, Illinois… George H.W. Bush assumed the presidency in January 1989… Dan Quayle..presented American policy on GMOs…’We are taking this step as part of the President’s regulatory relief initiative..’ [and published by the FDA as] its regulatory policy on ‘foods derived from new plant varieties..developed by methods of genetic modifications are regulated within the existing framework..utilizing an approach identical to that applied to foods developed by traditional plant breeding.’ ” [p143-145]  “..the techniques of genetic manipulation have absolutely nothing to do with the genealogical selection that has been practiced by breeders since the..mid-nineteenth century… genealogical selection is based on natural laws”.. [p136, The World According to Monsanto, 2008, Marie-Monique Robin]

Spying on our cells – “Gold, DNA Mix Could Result in Biological Nano Spies” http://www.popsci.com/scitech/article/2008-07/gold-dna-mix-could-result-biological-nano-spies; A current use of nanogold is “laser-guided” treatment: NanoPulse Biosciences: “We at NanoPulse Biosciences harness the power of optically excited nanomaterials  by pulsed lasers to develop some of the most precise targeted-therapeutic  technologies available…  NPB’s diverse product portfolio and intellectual capital is based on two  scientific technologies: noble-metal nanoparticles and short-pulsed lasers.  Currently, NPB is working with The University of Texas at Austin to obtain  exclusive licensor of the ‘Plasmonic Laser Nanoablation Methods’ patent… Disease-specific targeting of functionalized gold nanoparticles enables highly  selective and precise treatment.” http://nanopulsebio.com; NanoPulse cofounder Daniel Eversole wrote: “Gold nanoparticles have shown great potential as in-vivo, optically-active, biospecific probes with highly controllable and tunable optical properties for simultaneous molecular imaging and phototherapy. The strong plasmon resonance has led to the development of a variety of nanoparticle-based cancer therapies we term Plasmonic Laser Phototherapy (PLP). “ http://www.linkedin.com/in/dseversole

Transformation of Filamentous Fungi, “over the last few years, microprojectile bombardment has become a powerful tool for transformation on intact cells, particularly for the transformation of fungal strains…such as obligate plant pathogens” http://www.bio-medicine.org/biology-technology/Transformation-of-Filamentous-Fungi-by-Microprojectile-Bombardment-1203-1/

*

“Stable transformation of..mitochondria was achieved by particle bombardment..using plasmid DNA coated onto to gold or tungsten microparticles. Results demonstrate that the kind and size of microparticles are important factors in determining efficiency of transformation…approximately five-fold [to ten-fold] more efficient with 0.6 gold particles…” http://www.bio-medicine.org/biology-technology/Sub-Micron-Gold-Particles-Are-Superior-to-Larger-Particles-for-Efficient-Biolistic-Transformation-of-Organelles-and-Some-Cells-1201-1/

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“Just as some people live by the sword, we shall live by science” —Chaim Weizmann

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                                                           The Transgenic Human?

Maxine Singer and Paul Berg

“In 1972, one of [Maxine] Singer’s colleagues and personal friends Paul Berg of Stanford University was the first to create recombinant DNA molecules… In the early 1990s.. Singer issued an article encouraging the public to try the first genetically engineered food to reach American supermarket shelves.” http://www.answers.com/topic/maxine-singer

*

Berg wrote in his Nobel Prize autobiography:..”After 6 years in St. Louis, I moved to Stanford University’s Medical Center (1959) to help Kornberg set up the new department of biochemistry. In time, my interests shifted from..microorganisms to mammalian cells and I spent a year experimenting with Polyoma and SV40..with Renato Dulbecco at the Salk Institute. Soon after, I returned to Stanford [and] conceived of using SV40 as a means for introducing new genes into mammalian cells… My colleagues and I succeeded in developing a general way to join two DNAs together in vitro; in this case, a set of three genes responsible for metabolizing galactose in the bacterium E. coli was inserted into the SV40 DNA genome. That work led to the emergence of the recombinant DNA technology ”  http://polioforever.wordpress.com/sv40-monkey-virus/ >>>SV40 monkey virus was a vaccine contaminant in the 1950s & 60s, now thought to be possibly contagious as well as heritable.

“So it was at Stanford, not in St. Louis, that the first genetic manipulations took place. In 1972, as Monsanto was preparing to launch Roundup, Paul Berg succeeded in ‘recombining’ DNA– that is, putting together two fragments of DNA from different species into a hybrid molecule. A little later, his colleague Stanley Cohen announced that he had succeeded in transferring a frog gene into the DNA of a bacterium… These discoveries, which broke a law that had been considered inviolable, the impossibility of crossing what was known as the ‘species barrier’, created great excitement, along with deep concern, in the international scientific community. The worries turned into an uproar when Paul Berg announced his intention to insert a carcinogenic virus, SV40, from a monkey into an E.coli cell*, a bacterium that colonizes the human digestive tract. Some scientific authorities, such as Robert Pollack, a cancer virus specialist, worried: “What will happen if the manipulated organism inadvertantly escapes from the laboratory?” The general outcry led to a temporary moratorium on genetic manipulation and, on February 25, 1975, the first international conference on recombinant DNA… But, at no point did they broach ethical questions, which were excluded from the outset. It was as though the biologists had already decided to ‘limit the involvement of the public and the government in their affairs to the minimum’. The message was soon received loud and clear by the future world leader in biotechnology.” [pp133-134, The World According to Monsanto]

*Berg’s “success” was a done deal long before 1972. SV40 was the “cancer-causing” virus transferred to polioviruses used in the Salk and Sabin vaccines –viruses known to have been cultured on human HeLa cells (immortalized cancer cells).  Berg’s original work with SV40 seems to parallel its discovery in 1960 and its public outing as a vaccine contaminant in 1963.  While Berg supposedly perfected his recombinant techniques using SV40 as a carrier ‘mule’, Maxine Singer was on a year’s sabbatical at the Weizmann Institute (1971-72) while Albert Sabin was its president (1970-72), working on SV40 research which proved that the host cell transferred its genes into the SV40 virus (creating a defective virus that was still able to replicate and pass on its genes ). The polio vaccines of the 1950s and 60s were not just a radiation experiment, or an anti-cancer vaccine as the government insiders may have believed, but in fact an unacknowledged transgenic alteration of the human population, presented as an after-the-fact occurrance in scattered, stepwise scientific studies.

“Molecular biologists knew very well that plant organisms possess defense mechanisms designed to protect them from the intrusion of foreign bodies, including, of course, genes coming from other living species. From the very beginning, those biologists understood that genetic manipulation could not be carried out without using an intermediary, or a ‘mule’, able to transport the selected gene and make it enter by force into the target cell. For this purpose, they turned to [bacteria with] the capacity to insert some of its genes into.. cells to cause tumors… In 1974, a Belgian* research team succeeded in identifying the plasmid (a ring of DNA) constituting the vector by which the gene that induces the tumor is transferred from the bacterium to the [host]. In St. Louis, as in laboratories around the world at the time, they then attempted to isolate in the plasmid the gene responsible for the tumors and replace it with the gene of interest by adding a gene ‘promoter’, a sequence of DNA that triggers the expression of the gene to be triggered.” [p137, The World According to Monsanto]

“Vectors [plasmids] based on recombinant SV40 viruses (rSV40) are highly effective in delivering transgene expression”..http://www.nature.com/gt/journal/v8/n13/full/3301481a.html

*”From 1960-1965, [Charles] Thomas was Chairman of the Board and during his tenure Monsanto established a permanent overseas headquarters in Brussels .  http://www.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/rev25-34/chapter2.shtml “Monsanto was also a key player in nuclear reactor development…”

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Definitions:

“Transgenic: Having genetic material (DNA) from another species. This term can be applied to an organism that has genes from another organism. It is understood that the foreign genes are in the transgenic animal’s germ-cell DNA and so can be transmitted from one generation to the next.” http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11295 ”

“Transfection: The introduction of DNA into a recipient eukaryote cell, and its subsequent integration into the recipient cells chromosomal DNA..” http://www.lexic.us/definition-of-/transfection

“Recombinant DNA technology: A series of proceedures used to join together (recombine) DNA segments..from 2 or more different DNA molecules..”  http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5247

Example of an applicaton:

“Recombinant virus-like particles as drug delivery system; The drug delivery system described here is based on a virus-like particle consisting of the recombinant protein of Polyomavirus VP1… The VP1 protein acts as a major ligand for certain membrane receptors during virus infection… VP1 proteins provide a targeting a well as a drug binding site when used as a..drug carrier for gene therapy.” http://lib.bioinfo.pl/pmid:14111749

Horizontal gene transfer “is any process in which an organism [or virus] transfers genetic material (i.e.DNA) to another cell that is not its offspring… common among bacteria..[and] thought to be a significant cause of drug resistance… Also, [intestinal] bacteria appear to exchange genetic material with each other within the gut in which they live..” http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Horizontal_gene_transfer;

**gut bacteria can cause pneumonia and flu: https://jenniferlake.wordpress.com/2009/07/30/enter-o-viruses/

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“[T]his direction was followed by the Democratic administration of Bill Clinton, whose campaign director was Mickey Kantor, later U.S. trade representative and commerce secretary..[who] became famous for the harsh comments and the threats he made against his European counterparts when they announced their intention to label GMO products. In this area, his greatest ally was Dan Glickman…Appointed secretary of Agriculture just after Monsnto’s transgenic soybeans had gone on the market, Dan Glickman was the one who authorized all subsequent GMO crops …in September 2004 he had been apponited CEO of the Motion Picture Association of America, which brings together the six majors in Hollywood. [p165-166]

“[In 1992]..the FDA..felt that the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, which ensures the safety of all foods except meat, poultry and egg products, which are regulated by the [U.S.] Department of Agriculture (USDA), had enough authority..to deal with new technologies..[using] the ‘principle of substantial equivalence’… Roundup Ready soybeans as an example..is a plant which has a modified [mutated] enzyme that is essentially the same enzyme that’s already in the plant: it has a very small mutation..[pp146-147]  …[A]s Maryanski acknowledged, the document published by the FDA in 1992 was in no way a regulation, since its purpose was primarily to provide justifications for not regulating GMOs… drafted so the biotechnology industry could propagate the myth that GMOs are regulated, which is completely false. [p156] …Decided on at the highest levels..this huge enterprise of disinformation was carried on by an unshakable team: James Maryanski and Michael Taylor. [p159].

…Mickey Kantor, U.S. trade representative from 1992-1997 and commerce secretary from 1996-1997, immediately thereafter joined [Monsanto’s] board of directors.. [p163, The World According to Monsanto]

*

1991 — “We have established a regeneration protocol for melon…to produce transgenic melon plants..” http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v9/n9/abs/nbt0991-858.html

“On January 31, 1992, Samuel Shibiko of the Toxicology Section of the FDA wrote: ‘We cannot assume that all gene products, particularly those encoded by genes from non-food sources, will be digestible. For example, there is evidence that certain types of proteins..are resistant to digestion and can be absorbed in biologically active form.’ ” [p154, The World According to Monsanto]

*

1992 — “Bioengineers at one company learned that the Arctic flounder produces an antifreeze to protect itself in freezing waters. They plan to find the gene that regulates production of the antifreeze and introduce it into strawberry plants.” http://www.biotech.iastate.edu/biotech_info_series/bio8.html

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1994— FDA approved Flavr Savr tomato on May 17, 1994: “The tomato was fed in laboratory trials to mice who, normally relishing tomatoes, refused to eat..and had to be force-fed by tubes… seven of forty mice died within two weeks.” http://www.raw-wisdom.com/50harmful ; “a significant number  of them..developed stomach lesions…The cultivation of the transgenic tomato..turned out to be a catastrophe: yields in California were so low that the inventors decided to move production to Florida…Flavr Savr was then shifted to Mexico… [and]’Since 1996, Flavr Savr tomatoes have been taken off the fresh produce market in the United States. The manipulation..had unintended consequences such as soft skin, strange taste and compositional changes…In the interim, Calgene* had fallen into the pocket of Monsanto, which had definitely buried the doomed tomato.” [p149, World According to Monsanto]*”.. produced by the Californian company Calgene and submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1992″ http://www.answers.com/topic/flavr-savr ; the Fish Tomato “was created when a tomato plant..was infected with bacteria containing recombinant DNA” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_tomato

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1995— Generation of Transgenic Banana; “An Agrobacterium-mediated plant transformation system was developed..which demonstrated chromosomal integration of foreign DNA..with no indication of chimeric tissues..” http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v13/n5/abs/nbt0595-486.html ;

[2005] Banana vaccine: “..The group succeeded in transferring a Hepatitis B antigen to bananas..”http://www.monsanto.co.uk/news/ukshowlib.phtml?uid=9668

Uganda prepares to plant transgenic bananas [2010] http://www.nature.com/news/2010/101001/full/news.2010.509.html

 *

Transgenic tobacco — “protein involved in nicotine synthesis..corresponding to affect nicotine content in transgenic tobacco” http://www.patents.com/us-5668295.html [1998] “Recent..studies have indicated that smoking or nicotine or both may have protective effects against certain diseases… nicotine may prove useful as a tool..” http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1188908/

In 2006, transgenic tobacco was used to create an experimental vaccine against Shiga toxin E. coli (STEC) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1459021/

*

“Transgenic cotton..carries its own insecticide within the plant tissues .. http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/general/resrpt1996/t_cotton.html  “The toxin kills caterpillars by paralyzing their guts… In 1995 the EPA granted final clearance for..Bt-carrying cotton..released by the Delta and Pine Land Company.” http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/general/resrpt1996/t_cotton.html#bt_cotton

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1996 — Transgenic Crops http://filebox.vt.edu/cals/cses/chagedor/crops.html

“Over 20 engineered crops are now being commercialized and quickly brought to market… While transgenic seed introductions in the major field crops (corn, soybeans, cotton and potatoes) have taken the early lead, specialty crops in fruits, vegetables, and forages are not far behind. Major agribusinesses such as Novartis, Monsanto, Dekalb, and Pioneer Hi-Bred International, are putting the full efforts of their research..into engineered crops.” http://filebox.vt.edu/cals/cses/chagedor/soy97.html

Novartis http://citizen2009.wordpress.com/novartis/

Monsanto http://citizen2009.wordpress.com/monsanto/

*

Seeds of Doubt – “In June 1996, the University of California, Davis, began an unprecedented effort to help the West African nation of Mali, using the promising and controversial new tool of agricultural biotechnology…disease-resistant rice to help feed the impoverished country…So far – like UC Davis’ effort to aid Mali – biotechnology has not delivered.” http://www.sacbee.com/static/live/news/projects/biotech/text.html

 *

“[E]xamples of unpredicted immunogenicity or toxicity are two food products. In the 1990s, in feeding trials with rats (and mice), genetically engineered (GE) tomatoes in the US (Calgene) as well as GE potatoes in the UK [6,7] were found to cause damage to the gut and its mucosal cell lining. In both cases, the transgenes used were coding for proteins regarded as harmless when ingested by mammals. Another major risk in the IMR project is horizontal gene transfer” http://current.com/news/92662233_gmos-that-drink-your-blood.htm

*

”In 1996, Genzyme Transgenics Corp., working with Bristol-Myers, announced the birth of a genetically altered goat, which carried the gene for an anticancer drug. Beginning in 1996, Bristol-Myers scientists collaborated with BioServe Technologies, a NASA-funded non-profit, to explore the use of space for developing commercial products.” [Bristol-Myers-Squibb http://citizen2009.wordpress.com/2009/11/16/big-pharm/ ]

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1998 — “Transgenic potatoes engineered to generate an immune response to E.coli infection have passed their first test in human beings… [The potatoes were] developed at the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research [BTI]*..[and the human trials] were conducted at the University of Maryland Center for Vaccine Development.” http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/1998/04/980428080000.htm ; *the BTI was founded in 1920 by William Boyce Thompson (1869-1930), the first Director of the New York Federal Reserve Bank (1914-1919) and owner of Newmont Mining, 3rd largest mining operation in the world (for some time) behind DeBeers and Anglo-American. Thompson financed Tobacco Products Co. and Cuban Cane Sugar Co. http://www.yonkershistory.org/8_2_2.html ; http://bti.cornell.edu/

[2000] Jellyfish potato, tagging potato leafroll virus…aphids fed on extracts ..transmitted [the gene]..to test plants” http://vir.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/full/81/3/617

*

[2005] Potato vaccine for HepB http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/4263729.stm

*

“The fact remains that the transgenic potatoes had unexpected effects on the [test] rats’ organisms… First, the rats in the experimental groups had brains, livers, and testes less developed..as well as atrophied tissue, particularly in the pancreas and the intestine. We also found a proliferation of cells in the stomach, and that is troubling because it can facilitate the development of tumors caused by chemical products. Finally, the immune system of the stomach was overactive which suggests that the rats’ organisms were treating the potatoes as foreign bodies… Apparently, contrary to what the FDA claimed, the insertion technique was not a neutral technology because by itself it produced unexplained effects.” –Arpad Pusztai, [pp180-181, The World According to Monsanto]

*

“In the late 1980s, the group of Gonsalves at Cornell..and Hawaii started a research project to develop transgenic papaya resistant to PRSV [Papaya Ring Spot Virus] by biolistic transformation method…By May, 1998, PRSV-CP gene transgenic papaya Rainbow and SunUp were deregulated..and granted approval..” http://www.agnet.org/library/eb/566/

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1999 — “In its lab the Cornell team..fed monarch butterfly larvae with milkweed leaves, their favorite diet, dusted with Bt corn pollen. ‘Four days later, 44 percent of the larvae had died, and the survivors had lost their appetite… none of the larvae exposed to leaves..with natural pollen had died.’ …Cornell team’s results were confirmed by a University of Iowa study published on August 19, 2000..with milkweed leaves gathered in proximity to transgenic crops…’We found that after five days exposure to Bt pollen, 70 percent of monarch butterfly larvae died ” [pp230-231, The World According to Monsanto]

*

Genetically modified forests: “ArborGen is the world’s biggest GM tree company. Formed in April 1999 as a joint venture between Monsanto, International Paper, Westvaco and Fletcher Challenge… [Also] Formed in 1999, GenFor is a joint venture between Chilean technology think tank Fundación Chile and Cellfor (Canada).” http://chrislang.org/2004/12/20/genetically-modified-trees-chapter-3/#ArborGen

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2001— Jellyfish gene in a monkey: Gerald Schatten, “The biologist who took a gene from a jellyfish and inserted it into a rhesus monkey egg, creating the world’s first transgenic primate.. will join the..faculty of the University of Pittsburgh..[and] continue to focus on how to transfer foreign genes into monkeys… These genetically engineered monkeys promise to be particularly effective animal models of disease..[for human] health problems..” http://www.post-gazette.com/healthscience/20010510schatten2.asp;

Green glowing monkeys have green glowing babies http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/05/28/us-monkeys-green-idUSTRE54Q4A520090528

*

Transgenic Rice and Potato Plants Expressing Human Cytochrome [enzyme] — “The transgenic plants metabolized exogenous chemicals, including herbicides, which they were able to tolerate..” http://www.agnet.org/library/tb/159/tb159.pdf

*

“Epicyte [biotech]..in 2001 announced..genetically engineered corn which contained a [human] spermicide which made the semen of men who ate it sterile…” http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2010/06/11/18650455.php

“GM canola, has, in fact, spread much more rapidly than we thought it would. It’s absolutely impossible to control.” –Martin Entz, U Manitoba [p216, The World According to Monsanto]

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2002 — Spider gene “switches on” in the mammary glands of dairy goats to make “milk silk” for the materials industry, marketed as ‘Biosteel’ super-strong fiber. “The mammary gland is a perfect natural factory for the synthesizing and production of proteins….’In the future, animals will be our factories,’ Turner says..’Very cheap factories.’ http://www.organicconsumers.org/patent/spidersilk061702.cfm

*

 “[T]his project [will] evaluate transgene expression and milk properties for a number of transgenic dairy goat lines harboring three separate transgenes..” http://www.reeis.usda.gov/web/crisprojectpages/192846.html

*

GM eggplant grown in Italy http://www.biomedcentral.com/presscenter/pressreleases/20020426

*

“Bactofection, a novel technology for introducing genes into cells using live, attenuated invasive bacterial vectors, has been licensed to Microscience Ltd. by the University System of Maryland (USM)…Microscience, based in Berkshire, United Kingdom, will use its proprietary attenuated Salmonella serovar Typhi and serovar Typhimurium derivatives to deliver a range of DNA antigens … The inventors of DNA Bactofection are with UMBI’s Institute of Human Virology….Robert Gallo, director, UMBI’s Institute of Human Virology, comments, “Bactofection has the potential to get vaccines to people in developing areas of the world where they may have been unaffordable and unavailable”… http://www.umbi.umd.edu/news/2002/2002-09-06_microscience-ltd-license-vaccine-delivery-technology.php

October, 2002 — “Japanese organic foods test positive for GMOs… 33% of products tested…” http://www.non-gmoreport.com/articles/millenium/organicfoods.php

Pharma-crops ‘jump the fence’ –USDA “orders ProdiGene to destroy 155 acres of corn..developed to produce trypsin for diabetes as well as another chemical to treat diarrhea..” http://www.historycommons.org/entity.jsp?entity=prodigene_1

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2003 — Yorktown Technologies of Austin Texas introduces ‘GloFish’ to the pet market http://www.isb.vt.edu/articles/jun0405.htm

Genetic Engineering and Animal Rights http://www.animallaw.info/articles/ddusgeneticengin.htm

“In 2003, countries that grew 99% of the global transgenic crops are the United States (63%), Argentina (21%), Canada (6%), Brazil (4%), China (4%) and South Africa (1%) and today the Grocery Manufacturers of America estimate that 75% of all processed foods in the U.S. contain a GM ingredient.” http://openseeds.net/?page=Genetically+Modified+Food+-+GM+Foods+List+and+Information&action=diff&f1=20090924-0839.bak&f2=..

  “Greenhouse and field testing of transgenic wheat…” http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/54/384/1101.full

[In Egypt]..”Dr. Bahieldin used microprojectile bombardment to transform immature embryos of Egyptian and American bread wheats with genes for salt and drought tolerance..” http://www.ageri.sci.eg/topic6/wheat.htm

[2008] “Seven transgenic lines [of wheat] were identified that expressed the..transgene..” http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2423652/

“..all our foreign customers, led by Japan and Europe, have clearly stated they did not want transgenic wheat… Canada could have gone out of business..” [p226, The World According to Monsanto]

*

[Aug2003] “U.S. company AviGenics has successfully produced biologically active human interferon and human monoclonal antibodies in transgenic chickens.” http://www.in-pharmatechnologist.com/Materials-Formulation/Trasgenic-production-for-the-birds

*

[Oct2003] “France’s BioProtein Technologies..as developed..therapeutic [vaccine] proteins in the milk of transgenic rabbits” http://www.in-pharmatechnologist.com/Materials-Formulation/Vaccines-from-rabbits-milk

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2004 — “We have developed transgenic cucumber plants..by the expression of rice chitinase..” http://academic.research.microsoft.com/Paper/13192921

*

 Xenotransplantation: “Embryonic pig liver, pancreas, and lung as a source for transplantaion.. represent an atractive option for organ transplantation..” Weizmann Institute of Science http://www.pnas.org/content/102/8/2928.full

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2005 — GMO alfalfa released: http://www.worc.org/GM-Alfalfa/

[2005] “Recent advances in molecular biology and plant biotechnology have shifted the concept of growing crops as a food source to serving as a bioreactor for the production of therapeutic recombinant proteins. Plants are potential biopharming factories because they are capable of producing unlimited numbers and amounts of recombinant proteins safely and inexpensively” http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?eid=2-s2.0-19444372752&origin=inward&txGid=AtV5RnEf3CyfFoVSaDvvlpd%3a14 ; “The vegetative type [gene] expression system uses plants such as tobacco, lemna, and alfalfa while grain-based systems use corn, rice, and others.” http://pharmalicensing.com/public/articles/view/1086100502_40bc9416bc4ca/technology-update-plant-based-pharmaceuticals-is-this-the-manufacturing-technology-solution-to-address-the-imminent-biologics-demand-and-supply-gap

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2006 — European Union approved “ATryn..a recombinant form of human antithrombin..isolated from the milk of goats that have been engineered to produce the protein.” http://www.gxpandjvt.com/ivtnews/templates/IVTNews.aspx?articleid=1760&zoneid=27

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2007 — Chicken eggs make human drugs: “engineered chickens may become a more economical and effective method of drug production than current industrial techniques… The genes for the desired proteins were injected into the embryos of newly-laid eggs…The eggs hatched, giving the researchers a transgenic cockerel..who was mated with normal hens to produce more transgenic hicks that also carried the genes. The protein is only found in the whites of a chicken egg… ‘There is also some evidence that proteins [from] chickens may have characteristics closer to those..in human protein than if they are produced in bioreactors,’ said [Roslin Institute team leader, Helen] Sang.” http://www.cosmosmagazine.com/news/966/chicken-eggs-make-human-drugs

“Biotechnology now allows us to genetically engineer animals so that they produce proteins that are human pharmaceuticals. For certain drugs that are difficult to produce using existing methods or are needed in large quantities, production in GE animals offers the most efficient and practical solution… Other applications include making animal organs compatible with humans, a technology known as xenotransplantation. Research is being conducted to produce transplant organs in pigs that may be a source of organs for humans.” http://www.bio.org/foodag/animals/GE_An_Pharm_0908.pdf

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2009 — “Only a few countries have the technology to clone farm animals and Iran is one of them, having proven its capabilities..[with its] first cloned sheep in 2006..at the Royan Institute. The success rate of cloning proceedures at Royan Institute is comparable with pioneer countries in this field such as New Zealand, Denmark and the USA… Producing the first transgenic goat cells that contain a genome for producing t-PA is another achievement of Royan Institute, which gives the hope of producing transgenic goats that can secrete drugs..in their milk. The Institute is also ready to revive animal species which are exposed to extinction by using cloning technology.” http://www.thecattlesite.com/news/27787/first-cloned-calf-born-in-iran

*

GE trees: genetically modified eucalyptus from ArborGen approved by the USDA for planting in 7 states http://www.triplepundit.com/2009/07/plan-to-plant-gmo-eucalyptus-trees-stirs-up-hornets-nest-of-protest/

*

GM mosquitoes:

[fall 2009] “British company Oxitec announced that it carried out the world’s first..outdoor trial in the Caribbean island of Grand Cayman” http://news.sciencemag.org/scienceinsider/2010/11/gm-mosquito-trial-strains-ties.html; flightless female mosquitoes developed in a collaboration between U.California Irvine  (UCI) and Oxitec Ltd.

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2010-02/uoc–fmd021910.php

Oxitec is introducing sterile males into India: “The sterile insect technique (SIT), as it is called, may work in the lab but not in the field… it will be disastrous if the released sterile males get back their fertility as a result of random gene mutations. “Probability of such an accident cannot be dismissed when millions of GM mosquitoes are released day after day or week after week,” [Pushpa Bhargava, renowned biologist] says. He says fertility can also be restored with terrible consequences, by the antibiotic tetracycline that may be found in soil or water bodies because, according to Oxitec, its GM mosquitoes are designed to stay sterile only as long as its diet does not contain tetracycline.”

http://www.gmwatch.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11331:gm%20-mosquito-trials-for-india

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Is this an ‘unexpected consequence’ of transgenic grain: mutant food susceptible to mutant microbes? “Flour..emerged as a ‘new’ potential carrier of pathogens like E.coli and Salmonella..when Nestle’s raw cookie dough was blamed for infecting 72 people in 30 states with 0157:H7..[but] the research did not lead to a ‘root cause’ for the 2009 outbreak… [T]he flour was the only ingredient not cleared at the supplier level.” http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2010/08/test-hold-for-e-coli-might-not-work-for-flour/; deadly 0157:H7 E.coli http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1855633/

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Toxic E.coli learning page www.citizen2009.wordpress.com/e-coli/ (includes worst outbreaks, genetic engineering and bioweapon potential from the Stx toxin)

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[2009]Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation purchased 500,000 shares of Monsanto http://www.organicconsumers.org/articles/article_21606.cfm

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2010 — “The first attempts at GE in animals resulted in some physiological problems in the transgenic animals… studies focusing on the health and welfare of the GE livestock are lacking in the literature… The hLZ [human lysozyme] line was generated by pronuclear microinjection with a transgene consisting of the hLZcDNA linked to a bovine..promoter..[and] transmitted in a Mendelian fashion..currently in the fifth generation” http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2970820/

Engineered microbial Bioremediation in the Gulf of Mexico https://jenniferlake.wordpress.com/2010/07/20/the-big-spill/

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2011 — [Jan] GM mosquito..”has been released..in southeast Asia..” http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/gm-mosquitoes-deployed-to-control-asias-dengue-fever-2195552.html

GM Soybean “sudden death syndrome” http://articles.latimes.com/2011/apr/02/business/la-fi-gmo-mystery-20110402; Birth defects from GM soy: http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2012/05/13/ge-food-cause-birth-defects.aspx?e_cid=20120513_SNL_Art_1

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Food Safety Modernization Act “allows the FDA to administratively detain food the agency believes has been produced under..unsafe conditions. Previously, the FDA’s ability to detain food products applied only when the agency had credible evidence…” http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm253983.htm

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“..the genetic engineering of these foods can take a safe food and make it toxic… not only that..but there can be novel allergens.. new allergens never seen before… This food is not safe.” –Andrew Kimbrall [minute 12] http://wideeyecinema.com/?p=4984

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Monsanto http://www.bnet.com/blog/food-industry/the-smoking-gun-that-will-take-down-monsanto-or-not/2836

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May 2011 — Stink bug spread worries growers across nation…”If I was a mad scientist doing gene splicing and putting together a bug that would really be nasty and I was turning it loose on my enemy, I probably couldn’t do a better job,” Bartlett said. “One might define this thing as the bug from hell.” http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20110520/ap_on_bi_ge/us_food_and_farm_stink_bugs

June 2011 — “Genetically modified cows produce ‘human’ milk” http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/agriculture/geneticmodification/8423536/Genetically-modified-cows-produce-human-milk.html?sms_ss=email&at_xt=4d97dc0bb694db17%2C0

July 2011 —GMO Kentucky Bluegrass : “This is perhaps the most serious change in US regs for (genetically modified) crops…” http://motherjones.com/environment/2011/07/usda-deregulate-roundup-gmo-tom-philpott ; “Going Rogue: USDA may have just opened the GMO floodgates” http://www.grist.org/industrial-agriculture/2011-07-11-going-rogue-usda-may-have-just-opened-the-gmo-floodgates

Aug 11, 2011 — “Researchers say they have created the first ever animal with artificial information in its genetic code.. [which] could give biologists ‘atom-by-atom control’ over the molecules in living organisms… Sebastian Greiss and Jason Chin have re-engineered the nematode worm’s gene-reading machinery to include a 21st amino acid, not found in nature. Dr. Chin..describes the technique as ‘potentially transformational’..[built] on techniques first developed at the Scripps Research Institute, in La Jolla [San Diego, CA]..where Dr. Chin worked 10 years ago… But that was in the bacterium E.coli; until now, no one had succeeded in doing the same in a whole animal… Dr. [Mario] de Bono suggests the approach could now be used to introduce..designer proteins that could be controlled by light …tiny laser flashes.” http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-14492948

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Feb, 2012 — AquaBounty awaits FDA approval for its GE Salmon http://geneticallyengineeredfoodnews.com/category/ge-salmon

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GM Humans –“World’s first GM babies born” http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-43767/Worlds-GM-babies-born.html; According to Dr. Joe Mercola, who looked into this, the GM humans were born in 2001 http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2012/07/17/first-genetically-modified-babies-born.aspx?e_cid=20120717_DNL_artNew_1

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VIDEO — Monsanto and recombinant E.coli– the timeline is faulty (the technologies have been around much longer than stated) but worth watching: http://www.resistance2010.com/video/monsanto-poisoning-the-world-through-e-coli-genetic-modifications

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GMO FOOD Warnings

“It turns out the soy in Kashi cereals come from genetically modified Roundup-ready soybeans… The ‘natural’ label is unregulated and companies can define it as they please…’One Kashi product in particular, GoLean Shakes, is composed almost entirely of synthetic and unnaturally processed ingredients…” http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2012/05/19/kellogs-kashi-brand-with-ge-soy.aspx?e_cid=20120519_DNL_art_1; made by Kellogg’s

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“There are almost 300 non-organic and synthetic compounds approved for use in organics, including a genetically mutated algae that’s linked to cancer..” http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2012/05/20/kastel-organic-foods.aspx?e_cid=20120520_SNL_Art_1

Borgification

Bad news about Fukushima and the state of the meltdowns http://vimeo.com/22062314 “Clearly we’re witnessing one of the greatest disasters in modern time” –Areva executive VP, March 21, 2011

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Would we choose Borgification to survive?

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“A cyborg, short for “cybernetic organism”, is a being with both biological and artificial (e.g. electronic, mechanical or robotic) parts. The term was coined in 1960 when Manfred Clynes and Nathan S. Kline used it in an article about the advantages of self-regulating human-machine systems in outer space….  the term “Cybernetic organism” has been applied to networks, such as road systems, corporations and governments, which have been classed as such. The term can also apply to micro-organisms which are modified to perform at higher levels than their unmodified counterparts…

   The concept of a man-machine mixture was widespread in science fiction before World War II…

The term [cyborg] first appears in print..when The New York Times reported on the Psychophysiological Aspects of Space Flight Symposium where Clynes and Kline first presented their paper; ‘A cyborg is essentially a man-machine system in which the control mechanisms of the human portion are modified externally by drugs or regulatory devices so that the being can live in an environment different from the normal one.’ ” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybernetic_organism; See “Cyborgs and Space” http://faculty.uca.edu/rnovy/Clynes–Cyborgs%20and%20Space.htm

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Update May 2013: related to an environment “different from the normal one” in which flesh-eating bacteria proliferate, is the story of a graduate student who lost her hands, a leg and both feet from infection:

May 17, 2013

Woman who lost limbs to flesh-eating bacteria gets bionic hands… state-of-the art prosthetic hands called iLimbs…The iLimb Ultra Revelation hands can be programmed and configured via an iPhone or iPod app using Bluetooth…[She] told WXIA.com that the new hands “feel amazing.”…“I had the philosophy that in life we can’t really say what’s good and what’s bad… “What seems terrible now could seem great later.”

http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/lookout/woman-lost-limbs-flesh-eating-bacteria-gets-bionic-172840530.html

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“The evolution of technology development is often confused with science in the public mind.” —Ralph E. Gomory http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~rgomory/

                        

Borrowing a Star Trek term for “techno-sapiens”, borgification looks to be an interim step for human enhancement (euphemism for eradication) with seriously high-dollar rewards and immediate military advantages. I don’t think it will last long, like 8-track tape or VHS –“new genes” are coming with compact DNA– but predictive programming has readied this road and engineers are having fun, fun, fun! Document excerpts below were generated out of a conference held by the National Science Foundation, December 3-4 of 2001:

The NBIC report [Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno] http://www.forbiddengate.com/NBIC_report.pdf : “The integration and synergy of the four technologies (nano-bio-info-cogno)originate from the nanoscale, where the building blocks of matter are established… Convergence of diverse technologies is based on material unity at the nanoscale and on technology integration from that scale… Revolutionary advances at the interfaces between previously separate fields of science and technology are ready to create key transforming tools for NBIC technologies… many of these visions could be addressed within 20 years’ time… Scientific leaders and policymakers across a range of fields prepared written statements for a December 2001 workshop, evaluating the potential impact of NBIC technologies on improving human capabilities at the microscopic, individual, group and societal levels.. as an outstanding opportunity at the interface and frontier of sciences and engineering… Highest priority was given to “The Human Cognome Project”, a multidisciplinary effort to understand the structure, functions, and potential enhancement of the human mind… The recommendatons of this report are far-reaching and fundamental, urging the transformation of science, engineering and technology at their very roots… This report sets goals for..transformation…

   “Manufacturing, biotechnology, information and medical service corporations will need to develop partnerships of unparalleled scope to exploit the tremendous opportunities from technological convergence… Government organizatins at all levels..must accelerate convergence… Unification of science based on unity in nature and its holistic investigation will lead to technological convergence… [see graph, p.21, under “Internal, permanent”, recommending (a)”New organs: new sensors and effectors, implantables (b) “New skills: converging technologies” and (c) “New genes: new genetics, cells”]

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“In general, the goals of the individual subcomponents of a Human Cognome project should be both ambitious and have practical payoff… Cognitive psychology and the social sciences in general have identified a myriad of human shortcomings… We humans are severely limited in working memory, but human beings are exceedingly good at scanning their immediate environment and forming patterns. Providing systematically organized, wall-size, visual language murals facilitates such an environment for rapid scanning… Visual language, thus, is an example of a cognitive prosthesis…” http://www.stanford.edu/~rhorn/a/topic/cognom/artclCncptlzHumnCognome.pdf

>>> I haven’t heard anybody yet refer to their Big TV screen as a “cognitive prosthesis” but given the sensitivity of neural signal transmission and the sophistication of interference frequencies to select and cancel competing transmissions, we ought to think of these devices as brain extensions. http://www.yorku.ca/eye/neuron2.htm

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“Intra-brain communication or IBCOM is a wireless signal transmission method that uses the brain itself as a conductive medium to transmit the data and commands between neural implants and data processing systems outside the brain… One potential [implant] solution may be to develop a nano-scale fully-implantable Neural Recording/Stimulation System (NRSS) that is small enough to be located in any place of the brain without any detrimental tissue interaction…  It would be ideal if a NRSS can be realized in an invisibly small size and be deployed in multiple (more than few hundreds of) neural probes scattered in the brain…” http://redishlab.neuroscience.umn.edu/papers/2009%20ibcom%20embc.pdf

>>>one of the older citations I’ve found on implantable brain chips is dated 1983: http://academic.research.microsoft.com/Publication/1521317/a-wireless-implantable-multichannel-digital-neural-recording-system-for-a-micromachined-sieve

Implantable chips may not be ‘ideal’, but playing with them seems like an important step in the search for and creation of alternate life, perhaps in creating the Smart Environment in which post-humans interact:

“On the surface, silicon seems like an ideal substitute for carbon in another living system. Theoretically, silicon has bonding chemistry identical to that of carbon, and like carbon, can combine with four other elements to construct an incredible range of different macromolecules. So why not silicon-based life?”  >>>This article goes on to briefly explain the “not” although science has no firm explanation of “life” as expanded capacities and criteria are changing concepts. Astrobiologist Lou Allamandola says, “..chances are there aren’t a whole lot of silicon species out there because there really isn’t that much silicon [compared to carbon] except on planets like this. If we’re going to find something that’s alive and silicon-based it’s probably going to be right here because we have an awful lot of silicon here, more than on average in the universe.” http://nai.nasa.gov/astrobio/feat_questions/silicon_life.cfm?video=lou  [bold emphasis added]

>>>okay, are we going to ‘discover’ a new silicon species? Will it look like “nanobes” or nanofibers? Nanofibers already have this experimental use: “Medical: Artificial organ components, Tissue engineering, Implant material, Drug delivery, Wound dressing, Medical textile materials” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanofiber ; and this battery “paper” application just sings with possibilities: “Silicon modified nanofiber paper as an anode material for a lithium secondary battery” http://www.faqs.org/patents/app/20090068553

“Silicon carbide whisker (SiCW) and silicon carbide nanofiber (SiCNF) are a new type of ceramic fiber which can [be] prepared by the similar method as that of CNT [carbon nanotubes]. Compared with CNT, SiCW/SiCNF has more excellent mechanical, heat, electricity properties, and better physical-chemical stability.” http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnm/2010/896389/

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“[M]ilitary competition will drive molecular technology forward…[and] the great advance will come when protein machines are able to make structures more complex than mere fibers. These programmable protein machines will resemble ribosomes programmed by RNA… Engineered proteins will split and join molecules as enzymes do… But whereas ribosomes can build only the loose folds of a protein, these protein machines will build small, solid objects of metal, ceramic, or diamond– invisibly small, but rugged.” pp12-14, Engines of Creation, 1986, K. Eric Drexler

Biocompatible

“Studies were conducted on mouse embryo cells and fetal lung cells, with essentially complete abatement of cytotoxicity when the mineral fibers/whiskers are treated with a silicone.” [1995] http://www.patents.com/us-5587241.html  Silicone, explained: “Silicone is often mistakenly referred to as “silicon.” Although silicones contain silicon atoms, they are not made up exclusively of silicon, and they have completely different physical characteristics from elemental silicon…”  http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Silicone

Radiation Resistance

“High-energy radiation can break chemical bonds and disrupt molecular machines. Living cells once again show that solutions exist: they operate for years by repairing and replacing radiation-damaged parts.” –K. Eric Drexler [p15]

2003 — “Weizmann Institute scientists have found what makes the bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans the most radiation-resistant organism in the world: the microbe’s DNA is packed tightly into a ring… The red bacterium can withstand 1.5 million rads –a thousand times more than any other life form on Earth… Its healthy appetite has made it a reliable worker at nuclear waste sites, where it eats up nuclear waste and transforms it into more disposable derivatives… Since DNA is the first part of a cell to be damaged by radiation and the most lethal damage is the breakage of both DNA strands, scientists have focused on DNA repair mechanisms to find the answer to the microbe’s resilience. Cells, including human cells, can mend only very few such breaks in their DNA. Microbes, for example, can repair only three to five. Yet D. radiodurans can fix more than 200. Thus scientists believed that the microbe must possess uniquely effective enzymes that repair DNA. However, a series of experiments showed that the microbe’s repair enzymes were very similar to those existing in ordinary bacteria…  Russian scientists [are] saying it originated on Mars, where radiation levels are higher… Deinococcus radiodurans was discovered decades ago in canned food that was sterilized using radiation. ” http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2003-01/wi-ror010203.php

2009 — “The modern founding concept of radiation biology that deals with X-rays.. is that ionizing radiation is dangerous because of its damaging effects on DNA. Mounting experimental evidence does not fit into this theoretical framework, instead supporting that radiation resistance is governed by protein damage… There are profound practical implications to this new view of radiation toxicity. Basically, if you want to survive radiation, protect your proteins! D. radiodurans has shown us how to protect proteins from radiation…”  http://www.usuhs.mil/pat/deinococcus/index_20.htm

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1998 –“..the bacterium benefits from more than just good, tight-knit organization… [it] seems to keep equally strict control over another physiological process as well. Immediately after replication stops [because of radiation injury], a cell excises any damage to the bases that make up its DNA and to the surrounding area. The process is known as degradation. ‘It’s like repairing a building… The first thing..is get rid of the rubble and take down everything that’s broken..’ D. radiodurans takes the process to another level. The higher the dose of radiation, the more degradation.. and it knows when to stop degrading so as not to clean itself up into oblivion. Battista thinks he has found two proteins, unique to D. radiodurans, that function as master control switches. One of them appears to stop and start replication; the other seems to turn degradation on and off. ‘If you inactivate either protein,’ he says, ‘the cell becomes sensitive to radiation.'” [“Conan the Bacterium”, 1998, internal link from the above ‘usuhs.mil’]

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In perfectly circular fashion, George Soros is a major investor in pharma companies pioneering implantable chips and degradation proteins: One of the pharms, Integra Lifesciences, makes bio-implantables.
Here’s more on Soros’s pharmaceutical investments http://citizen2009.wordpress.com/george-soros-biotech/ and an article on a biological degradation tool, “heat-shock protein” called ubiquitin, that Soros (among many others, oc) funds. http://citizen2009.wordpress.com/2010/02/11/molecule-of-the-month/

Ubiquitin — “This discovery won the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 2004… The basic functions of ubiquitin and the components of the ubiquitination pathway were elucidated in the early 1980s in groundbreaking work performed at Fox Chase Cancer Center by Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko, and Irwin Rose for which the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded in 2004″ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubiquitin

Artificial Intelligence

“..mid 20th century, the question ‘can machines think?’ became intriguing and popular among scientists..” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendral

“Jerome B. Wiesner, the President’s [JFK] science adviser…had served as a board member of the Weizmann Institute and repeatedly ran into Ben-Gurion on visits to Israel. ‘Ben-Gurion would always ask me two questions,’ Wiesner recalled: ‘Can computers think? And should we build a nuclear weapon? I’d always say no.’ That answer, Wiesner thought, marked him..and limited his access.” [p.99, footnote, The Samson Option, author Seymour Hersh]

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“During the 1960s and 70s, Joshua Lederberg introduced computer science and artificial intelligence to the biomedical laboratory… [In 1965] researchers in chemistry and medicine at Stanford University..inaugerated DENDRAL… In 1973, Lederberg and his fellow investigators created SUMEX-AIM.., a nationwide time-share computer system.., via the ARPANET.” http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/lederberg/computers.html

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“[T]he essence of computation has nothing to do with electronics. A digital computer is a collection of switches able to turn one another on and off… [A] nanocomputer system will be able to direct the disassembly of an object, record its structure, and then direct the assembly of perfect copies… The first steps have already been taken, under the names of ‘genetic engineering’ and ‘biotechnology’…Barring worldwide destruction..the technology race will continue whether we wish it or not” –K. Eric Drexler, 1986

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and

..”the techniques of genetic manipulation have absolutely nothing to do with the genealogical selection that has been practiced by breeders since the..mid-nineteenth century”.. [p136, The World According to Monsanto,2008, Marie-Monique Robin]

Immortal Cancer

Reposted from www.polioforever.wordpress.com/immortal-cancer/

Atomic testing and other sources of radiation put the population at risk for cancer. It’s an open question to this researcher if the polio vaccines were also intended to be cancer vaccines but the evidence weighs in favor of the assumption.  When human cancer cells (HeLa) were harvested and distributed in 1951 for research, their express initial purpose was for “polio vaccines”. Leo Szilard, of the Manhattan Project and Salk Institute, helped William Scherer and Jerome Syverton at the University of Minnesota design a method for culturing polioviruses on Hela cells.

Besides a predictable long-term rise in cancer from radioactivity, could the polio vaccines bearing viral “cancer genes” contribute to the escalation? Like the statements made by Judyth Vary Baker (page SV40 Monkey Virus, www.polioforever.wordpress.com/sv40-monkey-virus/  below**) in the quest for a cancer bioweapon, will injected “cancer genes” (if they exist) take in an immune-compromised person?

Dr. Nancy Banks writes in “AIDS, Opium, Diamonds and Empire” on the subject of cancer, ..”new research suggests that ..[what] may be the primary cause of malignant growth..[is] the reduced efficiency of mitochondrial energy conversion as the result of oxidative/nitrosative stress… What is becoming imminently more difficult to suppress is the evidence that impaired mitochondrial metabolism, and specifically the Krebs cycle activity, may promote malignant growth… People diagnosed with AIDS are in a hypercatabolic low oxygen state where the body becomes exhausted in attempting to repair itself.” As she explains, “no virus need apply”. [p58]

                                                              HeLa [hee-lah]

“HeLa cells are a human epithelial cervical cancer, and the first human cells from which a permanent cell line* was established. On 9 February 1951, surgeon Lawrence Wharton Jr. removed the tissue from the patient Henrietta Lacks, a 31-year-old African American woman from Baltimore, in the Women’s Clinic of the Johns Hopkins Hospital. The cells were from the carcinoma of the cervix…The patient died 8 months later… A portion of cells from the biopsy were sent to George Gey, the then head of the cell culture laboratory at Johns Hopkins Hospital. The cells were cultivated and propagated in cell culture so well that since they are widely used in research. The HeLa cells were used in the establishment of the first polio vaccine by Jonas Salk.” http://helacells.com/

*a cell line is a genetically identical type of cell used in research as a standard base for experimentation

History of HeLa S3 cells: http://scienceblogs.com/terrasig/2010/03/hela_s3_part_3.php

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Excerpts from The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, by Rebecca Skloot, 2010 Crown Publishers:

[The voice of Deborah Lacks, Henrietta’s daughter] “When I go to the doctor for my checkups I always say my mother was HeLa. They get all excited, tell me stuff like how her cells helped make my blood pressure medicines and antidepression pills and how all this important stuff in science happen cause of her. But they don’t never explain more than just sayin, Yeah, your mother was on the moon, she been in nuclear bombs and made that polio vaccine. I really don’t know how she did all that, but I guess I’m glad she did, cause that mean she helpin lots of people. I think she would like that.” [Prologue, p9]

“All it takes is one small mistake anywhere in the division process for cells to start growing out of control… Just one enzyme misfiring, just one wrong protein activation, and you could have cancer. Mitosis goes haywire”… [p3]

“It all started on January 17, 1912, when Alexis Carrel, a French surgeon at the Rockefeller Institute, grew his ‘immortal chicken heart’. Scientists had been trying to grow living cells since before the turn of the century, but their samples had always died. As a result, many reserchers believed it was immposible… But Carrel set out to prove them wrong… He hoped someday to grow whole organs in the laboratory, filling massive vaults with lungs, livers, kidneys, and tissues he could ship through the mail for transplantation.

…But Carrel wasn’t interested in immortality for the masses. He was a eugenicist… He dreamed of never-ending life for those he deemed worthy, and death or forced sterilization for everyone else. He’d later praise Hitler for the “eugenic measures” he took in that direction. Carrel’s eccentricities fed into the media frenzy about his work… Carrel was a mystic”… [pp 58-60]

“Not long after Henrietta’s death, planning began for a HeLa factory –a massive operation that would grow to produce trillions of HeLa cells each week. It was built for one reason: to help stop polio. By the end of 1951 the world was in the midst of the biggest polio epidemic in history.” [p93]

“..in April 1952, [George] Gey and one of his colleagues from the NFIP advisory committee –William Scherer, a young postdoctoral fellow from the University of Minnesota– tried infecting Henrietta’s cells with poliovirus. Within days they found that HeLa was, in fact, more susceptible to the virus than any cultured cells had ever been… they knew they’d found exactly what the NFIP was looking for”… “On Memorial Day 1952, Gey…sent Mary to the post office…When the package arrived in Minneapolis about four days later, Scherer put the cells in an incubator and they began to grow. It was the first time live cells had ever been successfully shipped in the mail.” …”When the NFIP heard the news that HeLa was susceptible to poliovirus and could grow in large quantities for little money, it immediately contracted Scherer to oversee development of a HeLa Distribution Center at the Tuskegee Institute… [p95] …it was the first-ever cell-production factory and it started with a single vial of HeLa that Gey had sent Scherer in their first shipping experiment, not long after Henrietta’s death. [p96]

…”Black scientists and technicians, many of them women, used cells from a black woman to help save the lives of millions of Americans, most of them white. And they did so on the same campus –and at the very same time– that state officials were conducting the infamous Tuskegee syphilis studies.

…At first, the Tuskegee Center supplied Hela cells only to polio testing labs.” [p97]

“HeLa was also being used in research that would advance the new field of human genetics” [p99]

“As the Cold War escalated, some scientists exposed Henrietta’s cells to massive doses of radiation to study how nuclear bombs destroyed cells… Scientists cut HeLa cells in half to show that cells could live on after their nuclei had been removed, and used them to develop methods for injecting substances into cells without destroying them.

…At the request of the U.S., Gey took Henrietta’s cells with him to the Far East in 1953 to study hemorrhagic fever… He also injected them into rats to see if they’d cause cancer” [p102]

–they did.

“[Researchers] mastered the techniques of cell culture and simplified them to such a degree that, as one researcher put it, they’d “made it possible for even the rank amateur to grow a few cultures” [p139]

“By the 1960s, scientists joked that HeLa cells were so robust that they could probably survive in sink drains or on doorknobs. They [Hela cells] were everywhere. The general public could grow HeLa at home using instructions from a Scientific American do-it-yourself article, and both Russian and American scientists had managed to grow HeLa in space. Henrietta’s cells went up in the second satellite ever in orbit…

When the first humans went into orbit, Henrietta’s cells went with them so researchers could study..how cancerous and noncancerous cells responded to zero gravity. What they found was disturbing; in mission after mission, noncancerous cells grew normally in orbit, but HeLa became more powerful, dividing faster with each trip. And HeLa cells weren’t the only ones behaving strangely. Since the start of the [1960s], researchers had been noticing two new things about all cultured cells. First, it seemed that all normal cells growing in culture eventually died or underwent spontaneous transformation and became cancerous. This phenomena was exciting for researchers trying to understand the mechanisms of cancer because it suggested that they might be able to study the moment a normal cell becomes malignant.

…The other unusual thing scientists had noticed about cells growing in culture was that once they transformed and became cancerous, they all behaved alike –dividing identically and producing exactly the same proteins and enzymes, even though they’d all produced different ones before becoming malignant. Lewis Coriell, a renowned cell-culturist, thought he might have an explanation. He published a paper suggesting that perhaps “transformed” cells behaved the same..because they’d been contaminated by something –most likely a virus or bacterium– that made them behave similarly. Almost as an aside, he pointed out..all transformed cells seemed to behave identically to HeLa, he wrote, which could mean that HeLa was the contaminant.” [p139]

“In September 1966, a geneticist named Stanley Gartler.. announced that he’d found ‘a technical problem’ in their field… Gartler..told [a conference] audience that, in the process of looking for new genetic markers for his research, he’d found eighteen of the most commonly used cell cultures..all contained a rare genetic marker called glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase-A (G6PD-A) which was present almost exclusively in black Americans. And even among them it was fairly rare.

…Gartler knew he’d found the source of the problem…”they are all HeLa cell contaminants.”  …It turned out Henrietta’s cells could float through the air on dust particles. They could travel from one culture to the next on unwashed hands or used pipettes; they could ride from lab to lab on researchers’ coats and shoes, or through ventilation systems. And they were strong; if just one HeLa cell landed in a culture dish, it took over, consuming all the [nutrient] media and filling all the space. Gartler’s findings did not go over well.” [p153]

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“The serious problem of HeLa cell contamination in cancer and vaccine research is revealed in Michael Gold’s  ‘A  Conspiracy of Cells: One Woman’s Immortal Legacy and the Medical Scandal It Caused’.  Even Jonas Salk, who developed the legendary  Salk polio vaccine, was fooled when HeLa cells contaminated his animal cell lines. He admitted this years later in 1978 before a stunned audience of cell biologists and vaccine makers. In experiments performed in the late 1950s  on dying cancer patients,  Salk tried injecting them with a cell line of monkey heart tissue – the same cell line he used to harvest polio virus for his famous vaccine. He hoped the monkey cell injections would stimulate the immune system to fight cancer. However, when abcesses developed at the site of injections Salk began to suspect that he might be injecting HeLa cells rather than monkey cells,  and he stopped the experiment.
Mark Nelson-Rees, a HeLa cell expert and one of the 1978 conference attendees,  offered to test Salk’s line if it was still available. Salk graciously agreed and the monkey cells indeed proved to be HeLa cells which had invaded and taken over the monkey cell line. According to author Gold, Salk thought there were adequate ways to separate viruses from the tissue cell lines  they were harvested in, so that it really didn’t matter what kind of cells were used. Even  if vaccines weren’t filtered, and even if whole cancer cells were injected directly into a human,  Salk believed they would be rejected by the body and cause no harm. In those days doctors didn’t much believe in cancer-causing viruses. Nowadays, no researcher would dare try injecting cancer cells into a human being. But in the 1950s Salk had done it accidently. He had injected HeLa cells into a few dozen patients and it hadn’t bothered him a bit.”–Alan Cantwell MD ;    http://www.whale.to/m/quotes27.html 

Dr.  Banks treats readers to a quote from Peter Duesberg: “Even very few oncogenic retroviruses –those endowed with cancer genes– hardly play a role as carcinogens for two reasons. First, viral cancer genes accidentally acquired are never kept by retroviruses after they are generated because they are entirely useless to the virus… Second, even if a rare oncogenic retrovirus infects an immunocompetent animal, a small tumor will appear within days after the infection, only to disappear again as the animal develops antiviral immunity. Antiviral immunity kills both the virus and all virus-infected cells.” [p54, AIDS, Opium, Diamonds and Empire]

From “The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks”, pp 127-130: “Chester Southam had a frightening thought: What if Henrietta’s cancer cells could infect the scientists working on them? [George] Gey and several others had already shown that some rats grew tumors when injected with live HeLa. Why not humans?..’There is the possible danger’, Southam wrote, ‘of initiating neo-plastic disease by accidental inoculation during laboratory investigation, or by injection with such cells or cell products if they should be used for production of virus vaccine.’ Southam was a well-respected cancer researcher and chief of virology at Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research. He and many other scientists believed that cancer was caused by either a virus or an immune system deficiency, so Southam decided to use HeLa to test those theories… He told [cancer patients] he was testing their immune systems; he said nothing about injecting them with someone else’s malignant cells.

   “Within hours, the patients’ forearms grew red and swollen. Five to ten days later, hard nodules began growing at the injection sites. Southam removed some of the nodules to verify that they were cancerous, but he left several to see if patient’ immune systems would reject them or the cancer would spread…

   “Southam eventually removed most of the HeLa tumors, and those he didn’t remove vanished on their own in a few months. But in four patients, the nodules grew back. He removed them, but they returned again and again…

   “Since those patients all had cancer to begin with, Southam wanted to see how healthy people reacted to the injections, for comparison’s sake. So, in May 1956, he placed an ad in the Ohio State Penitentiary newsletter… Southam began injecting prisoners in June 1956 using HeLa cells that his colleague, Alice Moore, carried from New York to Ohio in a handbag… Soon tumors grew on the prisoners’ arms just as they’d grown in the cancer patients…Southam gave multiple cancer cell injections to each prisoner, and unlike the terminally ill patients, those men fought off the cancer completely. And with each new injection, their bodies responded faster, which seemed to indicate that the cells were increasing the inmates’ immunity to cancer.

   “In the coming years, Southam injected HeLa and other living cancer cells into more than six hundred people for his research, about half of them cancer patients. He also began injecting them into every gynecological surgery patient who came to Sloan-Kettering’s Memorial Hospital or its James Ewing Hospital. If he explained anything [to patients] he simply said he was testing them for cancer.”

 

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**Part of the JFK assassination conspiracy was a plot to kill Fidel Castro by giving him cancer with injections and x–rays. In the words of Judyth Vary Baker (Lee Oswald’s girlfriend), during her film segment of the documentary The Men Who Killed Kennedy, Ms. Baker revealed her role as a 19-year-old cancer researcher:

[from the episode “The Love Affair”, segments 3 and 4]

“I convinced Dr. Ochsner and others that the real thing we needed to do was pull down Castro’s immune system by using several ploys, and then when the cancer’s introduced into his body, it would be found in his blood system and they’d put him in front of the x-ray again and again and again. Supposedly he’d be getting treatments to kill the cancer when actually his immune system was getting destroyed. That could be done, in other words, Castro could be eliminated by using x-ray and they’ll think that it’s the side effects from lung cancer. And that was my idea” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uBbe0jexWn4&NR=1

[the secret US ‘cancer’ team]..went to Jackson Mental Hospital..[with] these prisoners that were going to be injected…and at that time those prisoners received the injections that were necessary to begin that terrible round of injections and x-ray, injections and x-ray..that they hoped would actually kill these people.”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGNyprupDTU&feature=related

 

AIDS, Opium, Diamonds and Empire

Dr. Nancy T. Banks has exploded the myth of the HIV virus in her first book  AIDS, Opium, Diamonds and Empire: The Deadly Virus of International Greed. Not only does she walk her readers through the medical fraud and science behind AIDS but she lays out the modus operandi of “just business” in unequivocal terms of official government policy and programming. The beauty of Dr. Banks’ work is that we have a tool to help deconstruct the other “public health” practices of the 20th century and look at the historical objectives hiding behind the so-called epidemics of the past.

 

Dr. Banks writes, “There is no scientific data validating the contention that what is currently referred to as HIV is, in fact, a virus! …The goal was perception management… [and] the proteins claimed to be specific for HIV are universally present in everyone.” [pp306-308]

   “The fallacy that a hypothetical retrovirus caused AIDS was used as an excuse to use carcinogenic drugs in human subjects to determine whether the loss of function of  T-helper immune cells could cause the development of tumor cells. …AZT was too toxic for most people to tolerate, had no lasting effect on HIV blood levels and left patients with fewer CD4+ cells than they started with..[p254] …AZT has been shown to be maximally toxic to the energy producing intracellular organelles called mitochondria. [p256]

   “AIDS is a free radical and oxidative [plus nitrosative] stress induced condition that appears more easily in people with malnutrition… AIDS is really not an immune deficiency but an energy deficiency..[p257] …The mitochondrian is also the major organelle that helps to control the redox potential of the cell environment measured in millivolts. In living cells, the effective proportion of reduced* substances to oxidized substances is called the redox balance.  …[O]xidative damage to mitochondrial DNA and to energy production enzymes inhibits the production of ATP… With less energy available the cell has three options: cell death, cell degeneration as occurs in disease states, or cell transformation as occurs in cancer..[p219]

   “With the prodigious help of the FDA, Burroughs Wellcome was about to make enormous profits by planned human experimentation of a drug known to cause AIDS and cancer. [p255]”

   “The mitochondrial stress effects of this drug [AZT] are analogous to the effects of nitric oxide (NO) radicals..[p262] …Microbes and humans possess the same type of eukaryotic cells. If a drug attacks the metabolism of the microbe, it also has the possibility to attack the metabolism of the human, and a range of antibiotics have been shown to do just that. However, the microbes have a distinct advantage. Because of evolutionary biology and their short life cycles, they have the ability to adapt to hostile environments faster than humans. Many of the drugs humans create to kill microbes end up killing themselves. [p263]”

   “Cells communicate by means of viral-like particles, electric currents, chemical emission, photons, and magnetic fields. There are about 100,000 reactions per second in all of our cells… Cells also make particles that travel through extra-cellular space to other cells, not to attack them, but to pass on information. The little particles have become known as retroviruses [p53]. …retroviruses do not kill the cells in which they reside as HIV/AIDS proponents claim that HIV does to T cells [p55].

“…when independent researchers were finally able to get access to [Robert] Gallo’s original research, they discovered that no virus was found in any of Gallo’s patients– only antibodies against something he was calling HIV. Antibodies are traditionally a sign that the immune system has rejected the virus. Gallo turned the function of the immune system upside down, and the medical community let him get away with that nonsense for three years before they began to speak out. He made the world believe that having immunity to a virus would lead to a disease [p56].”

*

“…there has been a huge increase in the number of genetic defects found in patients with mitochondrial disorders and..the true impact of mitochondrial disease is only just becoming apparent… mitochondrial diseases are far more common than was anticipated. [p265].

   “…chronic deficits in the more efficient mitochondrial oxidative metabolism are factors in the development of many chronic diseases [p57] …Otto Warburg’s work suggests that malignant growth might be caused by a decrease in mitochondrial energy metabolism paralleled by an increased glycolytic flux. The new research suggests that it is not so much the increase in glycolysis that may be the primary cause of malignant growth but the reduced efficiency of mitochondrial energy conversion as the result of oxidative/nitrosative stress. Numerous cancer specimens exhibit mitochondrial DNA deletions, reduced mitochondrial content, altered mitochondrial morphology and impaired oxidative capacity as well as an increase in glycolytic rate and lactate production. What is becoming imminently more difficult to suppress is the evidence that impaired mitochondrial metabolism, and specifically the Krebs cycle activity, may promote malignant growth… No virus need apply. [p58]”

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I chose the quotes above for my own purposes in augmenting medical science articles on this blog, but as the book title anticipates, Dr. Banks has written a connect-the-dots model of the geopolitical usefulness of disease and the perception of disease. I could as well quote statements about history, finance, and power relationships from this book. Adding one more quote from the opening paragraph of Chapter 1:

“It is a great mistake to think that wars only concern armies, regulars or guerillas involved in active engagement… The real forces of evil wage another kind of warfare…[that is] principally financial. The dark princes of debt finance have gained practically unopposed leverage over every important social, economic and political institution, including and especially the healthcare delivery system.”

…point taken. Elaborating on how the medical system is “especially” integral in the military-complex is an objective here. It’s rare to find a medical expert who is able and willing to articulate such a broad context on the record and treat of so many aspects in detail. 

Thankyou Dr. Banks!

*

Background on GlaxoSmithKline (formerly BurroughsWellcome) is here: www.citizen2009.wordpress.com/glaxosmithkline/

*

A “reduced” substance has gained a stabilizing electron http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox

*

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Molecular Vision: Rockefeller Science

“During the 1930s a new biology came into being that by the late 1950s was to endow scientists with unprecendented power over life. These three decades culminated in…the cognitive foundations for genetic engineering. Scientists could now[by the ’50s] manipulate genes on the most fundamental level and attempt to control the course of biological and social evolution; they laid claim to “the secret of life”. …As has been well documented, the Rockefeller Foundation served as the principal patron of molecular biology from the 1930s to the 1950s; Caltech [was] a primary site for implementing the Foundation’s project“…

 

>>These are the opening words in a book by Dr. Lily E. Kay called “The Molecular Vision of Life ; Caltech, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the Rise of the New Biology“, published in 1993 by Oxford University Press. Lily Kay’s book, her first of only two, is scarce and expensive. A used hardcover will cost you $300. Kay passed away in 2000 at age 53 and I wonder if her book is now appreciating like a piece of art. One suspects she was a consummate insider participating in the abstraction of scientific history. She wrote that the Rockefeller-created field of molecular biology was the incarnation of redirected eugenics which was “animated by a potent conjunction of Protestant values and technocratic visions” [p10] making clear that its purpose was “to control biological destiny” [p17]. To prove her point naming giants in the field with Protestant bona fides, still with great subtlety, however, like a code running through the text, Lily Kay coaxes a truer sense of ‘values’ from her subject than she perhaps intended. Her Protestants are tainted, weak, ‘old school’ and “not religious” (a “not religious” Protestant is no Protestant at all) and these leading personalities were beholden to their advisors and collaborators. Much in the way that Kay wrote “Scientists could now manipulate genes…they laid claim to ‘the secret of life'”, it was the scientists who were Lily Kay’s heroes. They were the creators and they made it all possible by devotedly navigating their special ideas through the turbulence of rough political times. The Molecular Vision’s retrospective abruptly ends for its readers in 1955, the year that polio vaccine set a precedent in public medicine.  

You may guess that the social and biological destiny of mankind was at hand.

 

 http://www.questia.com/library/book/the-molecular-vision-of-life-caltech-the-rockefeller-foundation-and-the-rise-of-the-new-biology-by-lily-e-kay

 

“They intended to create a new science of life [p6]…The new biology not only reflected the particular bias of its principal architects –physicist Max Mason and mathematician Warren Weaver– but the more general bias of a technocratic elite who had dominated American culture during the 1920s…

Conceived during the late 1920s, the new agenda was articulated in terms of the contemporary technocratic discourse of human engineering… the new biology (originally named “psychobiology”) was erected on the bedrock of the physical sciences in order to rigorously explain and eventually control the fundamental mechanisms governing human behavior”[p8]

 

“A concerted physicochemical attack on the gene was initiated at the moment in history when it became unacceptable to advocate social control based on crude eugenic principles…

Time was seldom a deterrent for the visionaries of the Rockefeller Foundation..[which] had been the main force behind the development of the social sciences in America..[p9]

Programmatic statements, reports, and memoranda from the various Rockefeller divisions attest that on social and ideological levels there was no fundamental separation of purpose between the heads of corporations and the leadership of the Foundation.” [p10]

>> The Rockefeller method of building a science establishment depended upon creating a “hegemonic bloc” in the period between 1913, when the RF received a Congressional charter, and 1933, when the program goals were “fully articulated”. Despite what Kay called “echoes of minor dissent” [p28], we are told that “these voices of dissent..did not represent the majority of academic scientists who kept knocking on the foundations’ gates… The efforts of this group came to fruition after World War I“.  I’ve posted a sketch of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research (RIMR) at www.polioforever.wordpress.com/rockefeller-institute/  . “Fruition” entailed the significant marriage of the RIMR to the U.S. military, accomplished during the Spanish Flu of 1918-1919 when the epidemiologic investigation centered in New York City. The RIMR, under the leadership of Simon Flexner,  earned its stripes as a flagship institution in the 1916 polio epidemic which spread widely across the states claiming 27,000 victims. One third of them, 9,000 cases, were reported in NYC. At that time, and for the next several decades, Simon Flexner and the RIMR were the principal researchers of polio. Polio is only superficially addressed in “The Molecular Vision”, appearing briefly as another pressing dilemna by mid-century, but in the wider context of Rockefeller science, it stands out like a red thread on a blue field. Its causes are acute radiation and chemical poisoning.

Look to the link for a list of RIMR staff presidents. See if you can find a Protestant. This was Rockefeller’s primary pool of “advisors and collaborators”. 

 

“A cursory glance at Caltech during the 1930-1950s reveals that the Institute nutured some of the most important ‘founding fathers’ of American molecular biology [a]ll supported by the Rockefeller Foundation [p12]… Caltech, of course, was not the sole center for the new biology… A survey of the Foundation’s annual reports from 1930 to 1955 reveals that the Foundation supported molecular biology projects in scores of elite institutions but invested the largest sums in six… In accord with its long-standing policy of supporting the strong –“making the peaks higher”– the University of Chicago, Caltech, Stanford, Columbia, Harvard, and the University of Wisconsin most consistently received grants [p13]…

…the Foundation’s support of Chicago equaled that of Caltech [p14]… Chicago’s genetics [research] had a strong focus on populations..[with biology] under the leadership of Paul Weiss…[and] by the late 1920s, Caltech formed the hub of America’s scientific establishment” [p15]

 

“[T]he Rockefeller Foundation’s “Science of Man” agenda.. linked the particular forms of social control sought by that agenda with the specific kinds of control supplied by the new biology… Greatly influenced by Jacques Loeb’s project, which had adopted the engineering standpoint toward the control of life, the Rockefeller Foundation officers and their scientific advisors sought to develop a mechanistic biology as the central element of a new science of man whose goal was social engineering… The life sciences aimed to map the pathways in the molecular labyrinth of the human soma and psyche in order to control biological destiny.” [p17]

“Not all branches of science were equally relevant to the pressing problem of social control, however. During the 1920s, under the leadership of Wickliffe Rose, the [RF] International Educational Board directed its resources to the physical sciences –grants for the rehabilitation of European research centers and travel fellowships for chemists, physicists, and mathematicians. Guided in part by Frederick Soddy’s fear of premature use of nuclear fission, [Raymond] Fosdick [future RF president] prophesied doom if the physical sciences proceeded unchecked and the savage was left unrestrained.

…Fosdick’s judgement that overinvestment in the physical sciences merely accelerated the pace of runaway technology and that underinvestment in the human sciences amplified the atavistic social response became the guiding principle in the Foundation’s singular commitment to support the human sciences durng the 1930s.” [p33]

 

>>Was the “fear of premature use of nuclear fission” a problem in the late1920s? Kay is suggestively framing around a hole in history. What else could be as imperative and demanding a driver for a “pressing problem of social control”? Is this a veiled way of discerning early and secretive achievements in nuclear power? It’s rarely brought to our attention that perceived boons to medicine like X-rays were also the first nuclear weapons, “biological” in application and essence.  The achievement of fission led to radiopharmaceuticals in the late 1920s, but did it also lead to controllable “chain reaction”? No new technology was required for this advance. Edward Teller wrote in his Memoirs that Enrico Fermi could have produced chain reaction in 1932, when Teller worked with him, if his theoretical equations had only been right.

 >>It was unequivocally in the name of medicine that nuclear proliferation erupted across the developing world.

 

“Fosdick did not underestimate the opposing forces, however…He had no “illusions as to the speed or ease with which mankind can alter its way of life. There is no royal road to the millenium, no short cut to the Promised Land.” [p36]

>>Raymond Fosdick and his brother Harry Emerson Fosdick both represent what Lily Kay called the “Calvinist ethos”. These brothers were descriptive of “extreme evangelism”. Harry Fosdick was hired by John D. Rockefeller Jr. as the pastor of  the Riverside Church, founded by Rockefellers in Morningside Heights, NY, and opened in October 1930. Publicist Ivy Lee was hired to create a direct mailer promoting “The New Knowledge and the Christian Faith”. Ecumenism and Zionismwere central to the doctrine of the Rockefeller religion.

 

>>The conservative funding policies of the RF for New Biology were couched in terms of ‘stimulus’; money that kept programs afloat while their administrators sought ‘matching funds’ (an idea credited to Julius Rosenwald) and local business support. In the case of Caltech, Lily Kay recounts how the strategic witholding of RF funds prompted an energetic campaign among CIT leadership to creatively solicit support from a wide community of philanthropists and agribusiness. Caltech’s survival required the cooperative financial input of California agribusinesses seeking industry advantages but as Kay points out on page 214, “Caltech’s biology was never intended to play a service role to California’s agribusiness.” The PR spin was delivered in future terms as promises of medical advance for “the welfare of mankind throughout the world” [p219] and the solving of the “problems of medicine“. In the post-WWII era the problems were polio and cancer. The National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis became a generous benefactor to the immunochemistry project at Caltech.

 

“Gone was the rhetoric of biological improvements of the race… Gone also was Caltech’s connection to the old eugenics. With the death of E.S. Gosney in 1942, the trustees of the Human Betterment Foundation (including Millikan and a few Caltech trustees) agreed that the Foundation’s interests would be best served by transferring its activities to Caltech. In October 1943 an agreement was drawn up dissolving the Human Betterment Foundation as such and turning over its assets to the Institute. The Institute, in turn, agreed to use these resources “and the proceeds thereof to establish the Gosney Research Fund, the income from which will be devoted in perpetuity to the promotion of research into the biological bases of human qualities…”. Linguistically watered down from its eugenic potency, the Gosney Fund would support postdoctoral fellowships in “those branches of biological science basic to our understanding of human welfare.” The New York Times too refurbished its prose. The announcement emphasized the medical connection: “$700,000 to Trace Polio and Cancer –Rockefeller Grant is Made for California Institute Research in Molecular Biology”. [pp238-239]

 

In May 1946, physicist Lee DuBridge, protege of former RF president Max Mason, took the presidency of Caltech:

 “DuBridge had built up the ‘Rad Lab’ [at M.I.T.] into the largest single-purpose scientific research plan in history, larger even than the atomic bomb project.” [p235]

 “The Berkeley cyclotron project, financed by the Rockefeller Foundation, was diverted during the war years from its putative medical applications to the production of fissionable material… However, they [the RF] would have preferred to distance themselves from the dubious honor bestowed by Ernest O. Lawrence who unwittingly boasted that “if it hadn’t been for the RF, there would have been no atomic bomb.” [p219]

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The Molecular Vision of Life is an insightful book for demonstrating the modus operandi of RF funding policies; conservative, witholding, nurturing, and rewardingly lavish when pleasing, what Lily Kay describes as “mixed”. Like a sociologist interpreting the mechanisms and benefits of Tough Love, Kay points to the collective negotiating endeavors of the scientists to earn their allowances from strict and demanding parents. There was, unspokenly, no reason to expect they would not be bankrolled in the end. Her exemplary choice of Linus Pauling (a flambuoyantly grandiose, nonreligious Protestant) who was harnessed and quartered at Caltech, is emblematic of not only the Rockefeller Foundation style of grooming, but is telling on herself as a visible process of concensus shaping in the creation of history, what I’d prefer to call “distory” for its characteristic distortion and negligence. Kay, no doubt, was keen to master a facility for presentation and reap lavish rewards herself. Interesting, isn’t it, that a daughter of Polish concentration camp survivors who migrated to Israel and then to the United States would posthumously attain the iconic status of the greatest science historian of her generation with so little to show for it? Somebody at the Wikipedia made this up: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lily_E._Kay 

Her statements are powerful, however; the methods sound genuine. Perhaps she was balancing on a razor’s edge. I know nothing about her or the cancer that caused her death, except that she seemed eager and pleased by the spotlight, so much like the Protestants in her book. 

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According to Charles E. Carlson who is exposing the roots of Christian Zionism, the Oxford University Press created a New York office expressly for selling bibles, in particular the Scofield Bible which was issued c. 1908.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press

“The North American branch was established in 1896 at 91 Fifth Avenue in New York City to facilitate the sale of Oxford Bibles in the United States. Subsequently, it took over marketing of all books of its parent from Macmillan. This office grew in sales between 1928 and 1936, eventually becoming one of the leading University Presses in the United States. It is focused on scholarly and reference books, Bibles, and college and medical textbooks. In the 1990s, this office moved from 200 Madison Avenue (a building it shared with Putnam Publishing) to 198 Madison Avenue, which was the former B. Altman Company headquarters.”

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Caltech, or C.I.T., was founded in 1891 as “Throop Polytechnic University”. Pasadena’s Mount Wilson Observatory, est. 1904, was enfolded by its founder George Ellery Hale (U. Chicago) who joined the Board of Trustees. In 1921, the school was renamed the California Institute of Technology. The biology department was organized under the direction of Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1928. That same year, an endowment by Daniel Guggenheim established the Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory (or GALCIT) which contracted Hungarian Theodore von Karman as its director. Caltech and von Karman went on to create the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) which came under co-management with NASA.

“The focus of scientific research at the Institute under Millikan during the 1930s ranged from Drosophila genetics and the biochemistry of vitamins in biology, to the theory of turbulence and airplane wing design in aeronautics; from cancer therapy with radiation and the radioactivity of the light elements in nuclear physics, to soil erosion and the transmission of water from the Colorado River to Los Angeles in engineering; from the application of quantum mechanics to molecular structure in chemistry, to the introduction of the magnitude scale in seismology. An educational institution in name only during the war, Caltech had a war arsenal that included rockets, proximity fuses, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and $80 million in federal funds for war-related research and development.” http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/articles/goodstein/

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Creation of the Atom Bomb in the mid-20th century followed a forecast made in 1875 when  the Englishman Samuel Tolver Preston, scientist and theologian, published the equation that later became the foundation of Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity (1905). Many researchers speculate that Einstein was a fraud for laying (or accepting) a personal claim on the hard work and genius of his predecessors and peers which included his first wife. His complicity in military research has been veiled to support his public stance as a pacifist. Einstein’s zionism is downplayed by his mainstream biographers but there is no evidence that he was not idealogically complete and commited to the World Zionist cause. In 1921, Einstein made his first trip to the United States with Chaim Weizmann, president of the WZO, to promote the Jewish interests in Palestine and the building of Hebrew University. A legacy of that visit was the formation of a zionist “Physicians Committee” in New York.

   Einstein established a special relationship with Caltech between 1931 and 1933, prior to his permanent U.S. residency in Princeton, New Jersey, at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS). The IAS was founded by Abraham Flexner and funded by the Bambergers in 1930. Co-incident with IAS’s founding was the construction of Rockefeller Center in NYC. The small town of Princeton was also home to Rockefeller’s Department of Animal Pathology (DAP). DAP infamously developed a human-swine bacterial mutant in 1937, intentionally infecting a herd at one of its experimental (open air) farms that may be the first genuine occurrance of “swine flu” involving human genes.

   Abraham Flexner was the younger brother of Simon Flexner, longtime director of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research(RIMR) in Manhattan and also Bernard Flexner who was well known as a leading American Zionist. Abraham Flexner presided over Rockefeller’s General Education Board and helped to co-found premier American medical colleges, such as the University of Rochester (essential to the Manhattan Project) and Vanderbilt medical schools.  He is widely known as the creator of the “Flexner Report” in 1910,  a medical school survey that was used to establish accreditation requirements thereafter. Abraham Flexner counted RF trustees Julius Rosenwald and son Lessing J. Rosenwald among his few lifelong associates, as is commonly found between the “associates”  in the Rockefeller/Carnegie foundation network. Julius Rosenwald specifically reserved a grant-making endowment in 1933 for “cultural” Jewish refugee academics who relocated to the U.S. when the 1933 headlines read “Jews Declare War on Germany”. The Rosenwald Fund was disseminated by the “Emergency Committee In Aid of Displaced Jewish Scholars”. Bernard Flexner was a top officer in this prominent organization, however, it was only one among hundreds of “rescue” operations, notable for its selectivity. A larger relocation effort was launched by the British Academic Assistance Council which was sponsored by governors of the London School of Economics, aided by physicist Leo Szilard (Einstein’s friend) and Churchill’s war counselor, Lord Cherwell, the physicist Frederick Lindemann (founder of Clarendon Lab, Oxford). For new readers, this is a taste of Rockefeller’s web-like infrastructure. The cooperation, hegemony, and concensus platform of the RF was in itself a compartment of a larger global network.

Albert Einstein, incidentally, makes a first appearance in Seymour Hersh’s The Samson Option in a footnote on page 25: “According to Shimon Peres, Weizmann approached Albert Einstein, then teaching at Princeton, and asked him to recommend one of his students to run the [Daniel Sieff] institute. Einstein instead suggested [Ernst] Bergmann, who didn’t get the job [at that time] for reasons not known.” On the following page Hersh writes, from an interview with Herman Mark, “Without Bergmann..there would have been no Israeli bomb:…He was the man who completely understood it [nuclear fission]”. Hersh further adds, on page 44, “Herman Mark explained years later why Ben-Gurion had picked the right man: ‘Bergman was one of the few scientists who saw the lamp and knew how to make a light bulb’…in 1979, Shimon Peres eulogized Bergmann..as one of the seven founders of the State of Israel.” It may have gone unnoticed by The Samson Option readers that Hersh introduced Bergmann’s connection to Einstein buried in a footnote. Einstein, who originally “picked the right man”, surely, knew well of Bergmann’s capacity to build a nuclear arsenal for Israel. Between 1934 and 1936, Einstein’s “patent” partner, Leo Szilard, submitted a nuclear reactor design to the British Admiralty, requiring controlled fission and an earlier-than-advertized apprehension of nuclear power. The significant hole in history that is being skirted by all sources cited here, is that “nuclear options” were secretly tabled many years before the public was allowed to know, obtaining the announcements in the heat of WWII and the “race for the bomb” in which Einstein played a tremendously influential role.

Warren Weaver, who is named above as an ‘architect’ of the RF molecular biology program, became the Chairman of the Salk Institute after his retirement from active service as an RF division president. Popular books that trace the history of Jonas Salk never fail to remark upon the “anti-Semitism” of the Rockefeller Institute (RIMR) where Salk aspired to work in research after his MD residency at Mount Sinai Hospital. Salk was rejected (we can say “distanced”) for better “grooming” but was nevertheless taken well in hand. Salk’s mentor, Thomas Francis Jr., was personally close to the Rockefeller family. Together, Francis and Salk developed flu vaccine for the military under the auspices of the Army Epidemiological Board (AEB or AFEB) during WWII. The war-time AEB was dominated by Rockefeller alumni.

 It was Rockefeller that came to Salk, by appearances, in the late 1950s, providing the bedrock of Salk Institute staff and oversight. www.polioforever.wordpress.com/salk-institute/   

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Rockefeller Foundation officers and trustees, 1913-1930 http://www.brocku.ca/MeadProject/Timeline/Rockefeller_Trustees.html

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Lily Kay’s first printed words, under Acknowledgements read, “My interest in molecular biology, the science and its history, go back a decade and a half, to my days at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies in La Jolla, California. This inspiring intellectual and physical space..initiated a search for answers beyond the scope of the laboratory. …A Smithsonian Fellowship contributed to this project… A grant from the National Science Foundation has aided the writing, and an Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Fellowship provided an exposure to the wealth of manuscript sources..at the American Philosophical Society Library… I am indebted to the Rockefeller Archive Center for their research grants...”

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From 1991 through 2001, much of what was learned about the use of anthrax as a bioweapon was investigated by Salk Institute fellows. 

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One does not need to be a scientist to intuitively understand the potential of  “upward causation”; the molecular equivalent of the “butterfly effect” which posits that even the minutest ‘force’ of a change-agent can be magnified as it transmits a local effect “upward” into a greater sphere of complexity and force. Upward causation in biology is still not well understood according to Kay who wrote, “..the question of how much we can learn about life by examining its building blocks has not been resolved. Mechanisms of upward causation have been remarkably effective for a finite range of biological phenomena but have not effectively explained some of the primary characteristics of life.” [p17]. From the pen of a true-believer, Kay is telling us that Science must be allowed to progress. Kay’s patrons had narrowed their Vision in the past, choosing from the “multiplicity of biological realities..that could have been singled out and promoted by the Rockefeller Foundation during the 1930s.”  But this does not square with the multiplicity of Rockefeller realities. The primary characteristics of life were never to be found in petri dishes or between the sheets of one-inch-square glass. “Theoretical biology” was not to be indulged in on the Rockefeller dime.

On this, at least, the message is discernibly clear: “..a molecular vision of life…is embedded in the matrix that linked the particular forms of social control sought by that agenda with the specific kinds of control supplied by the new biology.”

For more on how the Rockefeller Foundation implemented its “fully articulated” program and staffed its institutions in 1933, and onward, read https://jenniferlake.wordpress.com/2009/07/30/the-displaced-scholars/